TMEM209 Activators
TMEM209 Activators are a group of chemical compounds that indirectly enhance the functional activity of TMEM209 through various signaling pathways. Forskolin and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (db-cAMP) both elevate intracellular cAMP levels, which activate protein kinase A (PKA) and can lead to the phosphorylation of substrates that modulate the activity of TMEM209. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) target different protein kinases, with PMA activating protein kinase C (PKC) and EGCG inhibiting kinases that may otherwise negatively regulate TMEM209's role in the cell. Ionomycin and A23187 (Calcimycin) both act as calcium ionophores, increasing intracellular calcium levels and activating calcium-dependentsignaling pathways that may indirectly enhance TMEM209 activity. Spermine, through its modulation of ion channels, and zinc pyrithione, by altering zinc-dependent signaling mechanisms, can contribute to creating a cellular environment that favors the activity of TMEM209.
The activity of TMEM209 is also influenced by compounds that modulate phosphoinositide and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases signaling. LY294002, as a PI3K inhibitor, can alter the PI3K/Akt pathway, potentially indirectly enhancing the activity of TMEM209. Similarly, MAP kinase signaling is targeted by SB203580 and U0126, which inhibit p38 and MEK1/2, respectively, reducing the negative feedback on alternative pathways or relieving inhibition of pathways that TMEM209 may be part of, thus promoting its activity. Lastly, staurosporine, despite its broad inhibitory effects on kinases, might preferentially enhance the functional activity of TMEM209 by selectively inhibiting kinases that apply negative regulation on TMEM209-associated signaling. Collectively, these TMEM209 Activators, through their targeted effects on various cellular signaling mechanisms, facilitate the enhancement of TMEM209-mediated functions without the need for upregulating its expression or direct activation.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, leading to increased levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in cells. Elevated cAMP levels can enhance the activity of TMEM209 by promoting cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) signaling, which may phosphorylate and activate proteins involved in the same cellular processes as TMEM209. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium concentration. The rise in calcium levels can indirectly enhance TMEM209 function by activating calcium-dependent signaling pathways that TMEM209 may be involved in within the cell. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC). Activation of PKC can lead to the phosphorylation of proteins in pathways associated with TMEM209, thereby potentially enhancing its activity through downstream effects on signaling cascades. | ||||||
S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) | 57564-91-7 | sc-200349 sc-200349B sc-200349A sc-200349C | 10 mg 25 mg 50 mg 100 mg | $85.00 $206.00 $339.00 $449.00 | 15 | |
SNAP releases nitric oxide (NO), which can activate guanylyl cyclase and increase cyclic GMP levels. Elevated cGMP may enhance TMEM209 activity by influencing signaling mechanisms that TMEM209 is a part of, such as those involving cGMP-dependent protein kinases. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $42.00 $72.00 $124.00 $238.00 $520.00 $1234.00 | 11 | |
EGCG is known to inhibit certain protein kinases. By inhibiting these kinases, EGCG could reduce negative regulatory influences on signaling pathways that TMEM209 is involved in, thereby indirectly enhancing the functional activity of TMEM209. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $121.00 $392.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a PI3K inhibitor. Inhibition of PI3K can lead to alterations in downstream signaling pathways, including those where TMEM209 may play a role. This effect could indirectly result in the enhancement of TMEM209's activity. | ||||||
SB 203580 | 152121-47-6 | sc-3533 sc-3533A | 1 mg 5 mg | $88.00 $342.00 | 284 | |
SB203580 is a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK. By inhibiting p38 MAPK, SB203580 may shift the balance of cellular signaling to pathways that upregulate or enhance the activity of TMEM209. | ||||||
U-0126 | 109511-58-2 | sc-222395 sc-222395A | 1 mg 5 mg | $63.00 $241.00 | 136 | |
U0126 is an inhibitor of MEK1/2, which are upstream of ERK in the MAPK pathway. Inhibition of MEK may lead to the activation of alternate signaling routes that could enhance the activity of TMEM209 by relieving negative feedback on pathways TMEM209 is involved in. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $54.00 $128.00 $199.00 $311.00 | 23 | |
A23187 is another calcium ionophore, similar to Ionomycin, that increases intracellular calcium. This elevation in calcium can activate signaling pathways that enhance the function of TMEM209 indirectly through calcium-dependent processes. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. Inhibition of these phosphatases can result in enhanced phosphorylation of proteins within pathways associated with TMEM209, potentially increasing TMEM209 activity. | ||||||