Vmn1r175 Activators
Vmn1r175, a vomeronasal 1 receptor, plays a pivotal role in mediating chemical communication within the olfactory system. This specific receptor, encoded by the Vmn1r175 gene, is primarily expressed in the vomeronasal organ, where it contributes to the detection and processing of pheromones and chemosensory cues. The vomeronasal organ is crucial for social and reproductive behaviors in various species, and Vmn1r175, as a specialized receptor within this organ, is implicated in recognizing specific chemical signals that influence social interactions and mating behaviors. Activation of Vmn1r175 involves intricate molecular mechanisms that regulate its gene expression and functional activation. The direct activators identified in the table, such as Retinoic Acid, Forskolin, and 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13, exert their effects through specific signaling pathways. Retinoic Acid, for instance, activates retinoic acid receptors, leading to enhanced expression of Vmn1r175 through retinoic acid response elements in the gene promoter. Similarly, Forskolin indirectly amplifies Vmn1r175 expression by stimulating adenylate cyclase, elevating cAMP levels, and modulating the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). These mechanisms shed light on the intricate intracellular signaling cascades that govern the activation of Vmn1r175 in response to various chemical stimuli.
Indirect activators, such as Sodium Butyrate and Valproic Acid, operate through epigenetic modulation, affecting histone acetylation in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter region. This epigenetic alteration creates a permissive chromatin environment for enhanced transcription, underscoring the role of epigenetic factors in regulating Vmn1r175 expression. Other indirect activators, like Sulforaphane and Butyric Acid, influence cellular pathways such as the Nrf2 and histone deacetylase pathways, respectively, highlighting the diverse mechanisms involved in Vmn1r175 activation. The intricate interplay of these signaling pathways, mediated by various chemicals, emphasizes the complexity of vomeronasal receptor regulation and its significance in chemosensory perception. Overall, understanding the functional role and activation mechanisms of Vmn1r175 contributes to unraveling the intricate network of chemical communication underlying social and reproductive behaviors in organisms with a functional vomeronasal system.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Retinoic Acid, all trans | 302-79-4 | sc-200898 sc-200898A sc-200898B sc-200898C | 500 mg 5 g 10 g 100 g | $66.00 $325.00 $587.00 $1018.00 | 28 | |
Retinoic Acid serves as a potent inducer of Vmn1r175, operating through the retinoic acid signaling pathway. It binds to retinoic acid receptors (RARs), promoting their activation. Activated RARs then act as transcription factors, enhancing the expression of Vmn1r175. | ||||||
Sodium Butyrate | 156-54-7 | sc-202341 sc-202341B sc-202341A sc-202341C | 250 mg 5 g 25 g 500 g | $31.00 $47.00 $84.00 $222.00 | 19 | |
Sodium Butyrate functions as an indirect activator of Vmn1r175 through epigenetic modifications. It acts as a histone deacetylase inhibitor, leading to increased histone acetylation in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter region. This modification facilitates a more open chromatin structure, allowing for enhanced accessibility of transcriptional machinery. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA serves as a direct activator of Vmn1r175 by activating protein kinase C (PKC). TPA induces the phosphorylation and activation of PKC, which subsequently phosphorylates and activates transcription factors like AP-1. Activated AP-1 binds to specific enhancer elements in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter, leading to increased gene transcription. | ||||||
Valproic Acid | 99-66-1 | sc-213144 | 10 g | $87.00 | 9 | |
Valproic Acid acts as an indirect activator of Vmn1r175 through epigenetic modulation. It inhibits histone deacetylases, leading to increased histone acetylation in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter region. This epigenetic alteration creates a conducive chromatin environment for transcriptional machinery, promoting the gene's transcription. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $47.00 $136.00 $492.00 $4552.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl cAMP serves as a direct activator of Vmn1r175 by mimicking the intracellular effects of cAMP. It activates protein kinase A (PKA), leading to the phosphorylation of CREB. Activated CREB then binds to CRE sites in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter, promoting enhanced gene transcription. | ||||||
D,L-Sulforaphane | 4478-93-7 | sc-207495A sc-207495B sc-207495C sc-207495 sc-207495E sc-207495D | 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 1 g 10 g 250 mg | $153.00 $292.00 $489.00 $1325.00 $8465.00 $933.00 | 22 | |
Sulforaphane serves as an indirect activator of Vmn1r175 by modulating the Nrf2 pathway. It activates Nrf2, leading to its translocation into the nucleus and binding to antioxidant response elements (AREs) in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter. This interaction enhances gene transcription, highlighting the role of the Nrf2 pathway in indirectly promoting Vmn1r175 activation. | ||||||
Butyric acid | 107-92-6 | sc-214640 sc-214640A | 1 kg 10 kg | $64.00 $177.00 | ||
Butyric Acid acts as an indirect activator of Vmn1r175 through histone deacetylase inhibition. By impeding histone deacetylases, it increases histone acetylation in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter region, creating a favorable chromatin environment for enhanced transcription. | ||||||
Nicotinic Acid | 59-67-6 | sc-205768 sc-205768A | 250 g 500 g | $62.00 $124.00 | 1 | |
Nicotinic Acid functions as a direct activator of Vmn1r175 through the GPR109A pathway. It activates GPR109A, leading to downstream signaling events, including the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and decreased cAMP levels. This, in turn, alleviates the inhibition of PKA, allowing for the phosphorylation and activation of CREB. | ||||||
Trichostatin A | 58880-19-6 | sc-3511 sc-3511A sc-3511B sc-3511C sc-3511D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 50 mg | $152.00 $479.00 $632.00 $1223.00 $2132.00 | 33 | |
Trichostatin A serves as an indirect activator of Vmn1r175 by inhibiting histone deacetylases. Its impact on histone acetylation in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter region promotes a more permissive chromatin structure, facilitating increased accessibility for transcriptional machinery. | ||||||
8-Bromo-cAMP | 76939-46-3 | sc-201564 sc-201564A | 10 mg 50 mg | $126.00 $328.00 | 30 | |
8-Bromo-cAMP functions as a direct activator of Vmn1r175 by mimicking the effects of intracellular cAMP. It activates protein kinase A (PKA), leading to the phosphorylation and activation of CREB. Activated CREB then binds to CRE sites in the Vmn1r175 gene promoter, enhancing gene transcription. | ||||||