TBX5 Activators
TBX5, a vital transcription factor involved in cardiac development and gene regulation, can be influenced by a range of chemical activators that indirectly modulate its activity. These activators play a crucial role in fine-tuning TBX5-mediated processes, such as cardiac morphogenesis and gene transcription. One example is Forskolin, which activates adenylate cyclase, leading to increased levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP). Elevated cAMP levels, in turn, enhance the activity of protein kinase A (PKA), which can phosphorylate transcription factors and co-factors interacting with TBX5. This phosphorylation facilitates the nuclear localization of TBX5 and augments its transcriptional activity on cardiac gene promoters. Similarly, Retinoic Acid can modulate retinoic acid receptors (RARs) that heterodimerize with TBX5. This interaction enhances TBX5's DNA binding ability, leading to increased activation of genes critical for heart septation and limb formation, where TBX5 is essential.
Another group of TBX5 activators includes histone modifiers like VPA (Valproic Acid) and Trichostatin A. These compounds are histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors that promote hyperacetylation of histones, creating a more open chromatin state. This open chromatin conformation facilitate the binding of TBX5 to its target genes, increasing their transcription in heart tissues. Additionally, DNA modifiers like RG108, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, may promote demethylation of the TBX5 gene promoter, ultimately enhancing its expression. This higher level of TBX5 can then drive the expression of genes involved in cardiac morphogenesis. Collectively, these chemical activators provide valuable tools for researchers to manipulate TBX5 activity indirectly, offering insights into the intricate regulatory networks governing cardiac development and gene expression.
Items 1 to 10 of 11 total
Display:
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels, which can enhance the PKA-mediated phosphorylation of transcription factors and co-factors interacting with TBX5, facilitating its nuclear localization and transcriptional activity on cardiac gene promoters. | ||||||
Retinoic Acid, all trans | 302-79-4 | sc-200898 sc-200898A sc-200898B sc-200898C | 500 mg 5 g 10 g 100 g | $66.00 $325.00 $587.00 $1018.00 | 28 | |
Retinoic acid modulates retinoic acid receptors (RARs) that can heterodimerize with TBX5, enhancing its DNA binding and activation of cardiac gene transcription, particularly genes critical for heart septation and limb formation where TBX5 is essential. | ||||||
Lithium | 7439-93-2 | sc-252954 | 50 g | $214.00 | ||
Lithium chloride inhibits GSK-3β leading to stabilization and accumulation of β-catenin, a co-factor that can bind to TBX5 and enhance its transcriptional activity on downstream targets involved in cardiac development and function. | ||||||
Histone Lysine Methyltransferase Inhibitor Inhibitor | 935693-62-2 (free base) | sc-202651 | 5 mg | $151.00 | 4 | |
BIX-01294 is a histone lysine methyltransferase inhibitor that can alter chromatin structure, potentially leading to an accessible conformation for TBX5 binding and activation of heart-specific gene expression. | ||||||
Valproic Acid | 99-66-1 | sc-213144 | 10 g | $87.00 | 9 | |
VPA is an HDAC inhibitor that leads to hyperacetylation of histones, promoting a more open chromatin state and potentially facilitating the binding of TBX5 to its target genes, increasing their transcription in heart tissues. | ||||||
RG 108 | 48208-26-0 | sc-204235 sc-204235A | 10 mg 50 mg | $131.00 $515.00 | 2 | |
RG108, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, may promote demethylation of the TBX5 gene promoter, enhancing its expression. Higher levels of TBX5 can then drive the expression of genes involved in cardiac morphogenesis. | ||||||
SAG | 912545-86-9 | sc-212905 sc-212905A | 1 mg 5 mg | $166.00 $421.00 | 27 | |
SAG activates the Hedgehog signaling pathway, which intersects with TBX5 in the regulation of cardiac and limb development. Activation of this pathway can lead to the upregulation of TBX5 target genes involved in these processes. | ||||||
AICAR | 2627-69-2 | sc-200659 sc-200659A sc-200659B | 50 mg 250 mg 1 g | $65.00 $280.00 $400.00 | 48 | |
AICAR, an AMPK activator, can enhance cellular energy levels, thereby influencing the cardiac gene expression profile. It can indirectly promote TBX5's activation of genes involved in energy-dependent cardiac functions. | ||||||
5-Azacytidine | 320-67-2 | sc-221003 | 500 mg | $280.00 | 4 | |
5-Azacytidine can induce DNA demethylation and is known to activate gene expression by this mechanism. It could thus lead to increased TBX5 expression by demethylating regulatory regions of the TBX5 gene, promoting its transcription. | ||||||
Trichostatin A | 58880-19-6 | sc-3511 sc-3511A sc-3511B sc-3511C sc-3511D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 50 mg | $152.00 $479.00 $632.00 $1223.00 $2132.00 | 33 | |
Trichostatin A, another HDAC inhibitor, may enhance acetylation of histones around the TBX5 gene locus, increasing TBX5 expression and thereby upregulating TBX5-dependent gene activation. | ||||||