Synaptotagmin XVII Activators
Synaptotagmin XVII activators encompass a diverse range of compounds that potentiate its role in synaptic transmission and vesicle exocytosis. Certain activators function by directly stimulating adenylyl cyclase, thereby elevating intracellular cyclic AMP levels, which could enhance the exocytosis process that Synaptotagmin XVII is intricately involved in as a calcium sensor. In addition to this, some compounds act as calcium ionophores, substantially increasing intracellular calcium concentration, which mimics the influx of calcium ions that is essential for triggering Synaptotagmin XVII-mediated vesicle fusion and subsequent neurotransmitter release. Other activators include those that modulate calcium dynamics through different mechanisms, such as by chelating intracellular calcium or by binding to receptors that release calcium from intracellular stores, thus influencing Synaptotagmin XVII activity and its regulatory role in the neurotransmission cascade.
Moreover, the activation landscape of Synaptotagmin XVII includes compounds that influence secondary messenger systems. For example, certain activators indirectly promote Synaptotagmin XVII's function by preventing the breakdown of cAMP, resulting in the persistence of cAMP-dependent signaling pathways that are known to participate in synaptic vesicle cycles. Additionally, beta-adrenergic agonists that augment cAMP levels may also indirectly support Synaptotagmin XVII's role in synaptic vesicle priming and fusion. Compounds that modulate protein kinase activity, whether through inhibition or direct activation, are also instrumental, as they can lead to the phosphorylation of proteins associated with vesicle fusion machinery, thereby potentially amplifying Synaptotagmin XVII's contribution to this critical neuronal process. Furthermore, molecules that act on ion channels, including those facilitating calcium influx or modulating its flow within the cell, play a pivotal role in ensuring the right conditions for Synaptotagmin XVII's activation and function during synaptic communication. Lastly, lipid-derived signaling molecules that can influence membrane dynamics and ion channel activity also play a part in fine-tuning the functional activity of Synaptotagmin XVII.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
Activates protein kinase C (PKC) which can phosphorylate proteins involved in vesicle fusion, including those associated with Synaptotagmin XVII, potentially enhancing its role in synaptic vesicle exocytosis. | ||||||
BAPTA/AM | 126150-97-8 | sc-202488 sc-202488A | 25 mg 100 mg | $138.00 $458.00 | 61 | |
A cell-permeant calcium chelator that buffers intracellular calcium levels. By modulating calcium dynamics, it can indirectly influence the activity of calcium-dependent proteins like Synaptotagmin XVII, which is crucial for its role in synaptic transmission. | ||||||
Nicotinic Acid | 59-67-6 | sc-205768 sc-205768A | 250 g 500 g | $62.00 $124.00 | 1 | |
A precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), which is involved in calcium signaling pathways. By increasing NAD+ levels, nicotinic acid may indirectly enhance the calcium-dependent exocytosis where Synaptotagmin XVII is a key regulator. | ||||||
H-89 dihydrochloride | 130964-39-5 | sc-3537 sc-3537A | 1 mg 10 mg | $94.00 $186.00 | 71 | |
A potent inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA). By inhibiting PKA, it can lead to a compensatory upregulation of other signaling pathways that may include the activation of Synaptotagmin XVII as part of the synaptic vesicle fusion machinery. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
A calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium concentration, thereby potentially activating Synaptotagmin XVII by mimicking the calcium influx that triggers synaptic vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release. | ||||||
Isoproterenol Hydrochloride | 51-30-9 | sc-202188 sc-202188A | 100 mg 500 mg | $28.00 $38.00 | 5 | |
A beta-adrenergic agonist that increases intracellular cAMP, which in turn might activate PKA and subsequently enhance the synaptic vesicle cycle and Synaptotagmin XVII's role in it. | ||||||
(±)-Bay K 8644 | 71145-03-4 | sc-203324 sc-203324A sc-203324B | 1 mg 5 mg 50 mg | $84.00 $196.00 $817.00 | ||
A calcium channel agonist that increases calcium influx through L-type voltage-gated calcium channels, potentially leading to the activation of Synaptotagmin XVII, which is sensitive to the intracellular calcium levels in neurons. | ||||||
Rolipram | 61413-54-5 | sc-3563 sc-3563A | 5 mg 50 mg | $77.00 $216.00 | 18 | |
A phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor that prevents cAMP breakdown, thereby raising cAMP levels within neurons and possibly facilitating the Synaptotagmin XVII-mediated vesicle fusion process by enhancing the cAMP-dependent signaling pathways. | ||||||
Ryanodine | 15662-33-6 | sc-201523 sc-201523A | 1 mg 5 mg | $223.00 $799.00 | 19 | |
Binds to and modulates the ryanodine receptor which is involved in the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum. Elevated intracellular calcium may activate Synaptotagmin XVII as part of the calcium-triggered vesicle release process in neurons. | ||||||
Nifedipine | 21829-25-4 | sc-3589 sc-3589A | 1 g 5 g | $59.00 $173.00 | 15 | |
An L-type calcium channel blocker that, paradoxically, may lead to increased neurotransmitter release upon intermittent blockade, potentially enhancing the activity of Synaptotagmin XVII in a calcium-dependent exocytotic response. | ||||||