BLU Activators
BLU activators encompass a range of compounds that enhance the functional activity of BLU by modulating various cellular signaling pathways and biochemical mechanisms. Forskolin, for instance, directly stimulates adenylate cyclase, which leads to an increased production of cyclic AMP (cAMP). The elevated cAMP levels subsequently activate protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates target proteins within pathways that include BLU, thus promoting ciliary motility and enhancing respiratory function. Similarly, agents like Rolipram and IBMX raise intracellular cAMP levels, Rolipram through the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 and IBMX by non-selectively inhibiting phosphodiesterases. These increases in cAMP levels further activate PKA, leading to phosphorylation events that regulate ciliary beat frequency and contribute to effective airway clearance. Milrinone, by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 3, also increases cAMP levels, thereby influencing pathways that regulate ciliary motility and the function of respiratory epithelial cells.
In addition to the direct activation of cAMP pathways, BLU activators also include compounds that target different aspects of ciliary function and assembly. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), for instance, activates protein kinase C (PKC), which phosphorylates serine and threonine residues on various proteins, impacting the cytoskeletal organization and trafficking pathways where BLU is a critical component. Ionomycin raises intracellular calcium levels, activating calcium-dependent kinases which play a role in the modulation of ciliary component assembly. Compounds like Thapsigargin and Calyculin A act indirectly; Thapsigargin by inhibiting the SERCA pump, leading to increased cytosolic calcium and consequent cytoskeletal rearrangements, and Calyculin A by preserving the phosphorylation state of proteins involved in ciliary dynamics through the inhibition of protein phosphatases. Zinc sulfate acts as an allosteric modulator, inducing conformational changes that support BLU's structural role in cilia, while Spermine stabilizes protein-protein interactions within the ciliary axoneme, facilitating the maintenance of ciliary structure and motility.
Items 1 to 10 of 11 total
Display:
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly stimulates adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. Elevated cAMP activates PKA, which can phosphorylate target proteins in pathways where BLU/ZMYND10 is a component, thus enhancing BLU/ZMYND10's functional activity by promoting ciliary motility and respiratory function. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates PKC, which phosphorylates serine and threonine residues on various proteins. This activation can influence the cytoskeletal organization and trafficking pathways, where BLU/ZMYND10 is implicated, thus enhancing its role in the assembly and function of motile cilia. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin increases intracellular Ca^2+ concentrations, which can activate calcium-dependent kinases. These kinases can modulate the assembly of ciliary components, a process in which BLU/ZMYND10 is directly involved, thereby enhancing ciliary function and assembly. | ||||||
Lysophosphatidic Acid | 325465-93-8 | sc-201053 sc-201053A | 5 mg 25 mg | $96.00 $334.00 | 50 | |
LPA stimulates G protein-coupled receptors, triggering Rho GTPase signaling pathways that govern cytoskeletal dynamics. BLU/ZMYND10, by contributing to cytoskeletal arrangements required for ciliogenesis, is functionally enhanced by the effects of LPA on the cytoskeleton. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin inhibits the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca^2+ ATPase (SERCA), leading to increased cytosolic calcium levels. This can indirectly enhance BLU/ZMYND10's activity by promoting cytoskeletal rearrangements and ciliogenesis through calcium signaling pathways. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A sc-24000C | 10 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $160.00 $750.00 $3000.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A inhibits protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, maintaining phosphorylation states of proteins involved in ciliary dynamics. BLU/ZMYND10, being involved in ciliogenesis, is thus indirectly enhanced by calyculin A due to the sustained phosphorylation of ciliary components. | ||||||
Zinc | 7440-66-6 | sc-213177 | 100 g | $47.00 | ||
Zinc sulfate can act as an allosteric modulator of proteins. By binding to sites on ciliary proteins, it may induce conformational changes that enhance BLU/ZMYND10’s role in the structural integrity and function of motile cilia. | ||||||
Spermine | 71-44-3 | sc-212953A sc-212953 sc-212953B sc-212953C | 1 g 5 g 25 g 100 g | $60.00 $192.00 $272.00 $883.00 | 1 | |
Spermine influences ion channel activity and may aid in the stabilization of protein-protein interactions within ciliary axonemes. This stabilization can enhance the function of BLU/ZMYND10 in the maintenance of ciliary structure and motility. | ||||||
Rolipram | 61413-54-5 | sc-3563 sc-3563A | 5 mg 50 mg | $75.00 $212.00 | 18 | |
Rolipram inhibits phosphodiesterase 4, leading to an increase in cAMP levels, similar to forskolin. Elevated cAMP can enhance BLU/ZMYND10 activity by activating PKA and promoting ciliary beat frequency and respiratory function. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $159.00 $315.00 $598.00 | 34 | |
IBMX is a non-selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, raising intracellular cAMP levels. This increase can enhance BLU/ZMYND10's activity by promoting phosphorylation events leading to ciliary beat frequency regulation and airway clearance. | ||||||