β-defensin 21 Inhibitors
β-defensin 21 inhibitors are a class of chemical compounds that are specifically designed to modulate the activity of β-defensin 21, a small peptide belonging to the defensin family. β-defensins are part of a larger group of cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides that play essential roles in various biological processes. Structurally, β-defensin 21 features a characteristic framework stabilized by multiple disulfide bridges between cysteine residues. This structural motif is critical for its ability to interact with cell membranes and other biomolecules. β-defensin 21 inhibitors are often designed to disrupt these structural interactions, either by binding directly to the active site of the peptide or by interfering with its functional domains. The inhibitors typically exhibit specific affinity for β-defensin 21, allowing them to selectively modulate its biochemical functions. They may work by preventing the proper folding of the defensin, blocking key molecular interactions, or altering the peptide's overall stability within cellular environments.
The development and study of β-defensin 21 inhibitors involve detailed exploration of their interaction dynamics at the molecular level. Techniques such as X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and computational docking studies are used to understand how these inhibitors bind to β-defensin 21 and affect its conformational states. Additionally, structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies help identify the functional groups on the inhibitors that are critical for binding efficiency and selectivity. Researchers often use these insights to modify chemical structures and improve the binding characteristics of the inhibitors. The understanding of β-defensin 21 inhibition mechanisms provides valuable insight into broader biochemical pathways involving peptide interactions, redox mechanisms, and cysteine-rich protein folding. Furthermore, investigations into β-defensin 21 inhibitors can shed light on the fundamental principles governing peptide-inhibitor binding, which has applications in understanding biological systems and protein engineering.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D,L-Sulforaphane | 4478-93-7 | sc-207495A sc-207495B sc-207495C sc-207495 sc-207495E sc-207495D | 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 1 g 10 g 250 mg | $153.00 $292.00 $489.00 $1325.00 $8465.00 $933.00 | 22 | |
Inducer of Nrf2 pathway, inhibiting β-defensin 21 indirectly. Sulforaphane activates Nrf2, leading to increased expression of antioxidant genes. Elevated antioxidants suppress NF-κB activation, subsequently downregulating β-defensin 21, a downstream target. | ||||||
Curcumin | 458-37-7 | sc-200509 sc-200509A sc-200509B sc-200509C sc-200509D sc-200509F sc-200509E | 1 g 5 g 25 g 100 g 250 g 1 kg 2.5 kg | $37.00 $69.00 $109.00 $218.00 $239.00 $879.00 $1968.00 | 47 | |
NF-κB inhibitor impacting β-defensin 21 indirectly. Curcumin hinders NF-κB activation, downregulating β-defensin 21 expression. By preventing NF-κB from translocating to the nucleus, Curcumin disrupts the transcriptional events associated with β-defensin 21 regulation. | ||||||
Rapamycin | 53123-88-9 | sc-3504 sc-3504A sc-3504B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg | $63.00 $158.00 $326.00 | 233 | |
mTOR inhibitor influencing β-defensin 21 through the mTOR pathway. Rapamycin inhibits mTOR, disrupting downstream signaling events. This interference alters the translation and transcription processes associated with β-defensin 21 regulation. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $123.00 $400.00 | 148 | |
PI3K inhibitor affecting the PI3K/Akt pathway. By blocking Akt activation, LY294002 indirectly influences β-defensin 21 expression. This disruption of the PI3K pathway alters downstream signaling events, leading to the downregulation of β-defensin 21. | ||||||
SB 431542 | 301836-41-9 | sc-204265 sc-204265A sc-204265B | 1 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $82.00 $216.00 $416.00 | 48 | |
TGF-β receptor inhibitor impacting the TGF-β signaling pathway. SB431542 indirectly downregulates β-defensin 21 by blocking TGF-β receptor activation. This prevents the transduction of signals that would otherwise contribute to β-defensin 21 regulation. | ||||||
A-769662 | 844499-71-4 | sc-203790 sc-203790A sc-203790B sc-203790C sc-203790D | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g | $184.00 $741.00 $1076.00 $3417.00 $5304.00 | 23 | |
AMPK activator influencing β-defensin 21 through the AMPK pathway. A769662 activates AMPK, which then inhibits mTOR. This cascade of events alters the translation and transcription processes associated with β-defensin 21, leading to its downregulation. | ||||||
JAK Inhibitor I | 457081-03-7 | sc-204021 sc-204021A | 500 µg 1 mg | $156.00 $339.00 | 59 | |
JAK inhibitor impacting β-defensin 21 through the JAK/STAT pathway. By inhibiting JAK, it disrupts downstream STAT activation, altering the transcriptional regulation of β-defensin 21. The inhibition of JAK prevents the events that contribute to β-defensin 21 upregulation. | ||||||
SP600125 | 129-56-6 | sc-200635 sc-200635A | 10 mg 50 mg | $40.00 $150.00 | 257 | |
JNK inhibitor influencing β-defensin 21 through the JNK pathway. SP600125 inhibits JNK, leading to altered transcriptional regulation of β-defensin 21. By preventing c-Jun phosphorylation, a downstream target of JNK, it downregulates β-defensin 21 expression. | ||||||
PD 98059 | 167869-21-8 | sc-3532 sc-3532A | 1 mg 5 mg | $40.00 $92.00 | 212 | |
Selective MEK inhibitor impacting β-defensin 21 through the MAPK/ERK pathway. PD98059 inhibits MEK, disrupting downstream ERK activation. This interference alters the transcriptional regulation of β-defensin 21 in response to extracellular signals. | ||||||
Wortmannin | 19545-26-7 | sc-3505 sc-3505A sc-3505B | 1 mg 5 mg 20 mg | $67.00 $223.00 $425.00 | 97 | |
PI3K inhibitor influencing β-defensin 21 through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Wortmannin inhibits PI3K, blocking Akt activation and disrupting downstream signaling events. This alteration leads to the downregulation of β-defensin 21 at the transcriptional level. | ||||||