Rhotekin 2 Activators
Rhotekin 2 Activators are a diverse group of chemicals that interact with and modulate the signaling pathways to enhance the activity of Rhotekin 2. Lysophosphatidic Acid, through its action on G-protein-coupled receptors, leads to the activation of RhoA, a GTPase that directly interacts with Rhotekin 2, thereby facilitating its functional activity. Sphingosine 1-phosphate functions similarly by activating RhoA/Rho kinase signaling. Another activator, GTPγS, a nonhydrolyzable GTP analog, stabilizes RhoA in an active GTP-bound state, which is a prerequisite for Rhotekin 2's activation. Fasudil and Y-27632 are both Rho kinase inhibitors that, by preventing the phosphorylation of RhoA's downstream targets, increase the amount of GTP-bound RhoA available for Rhotekin 2 binding. CNF1, a bacterial toxin, constitutively activates RhoA, which directly enhances the Rhotekin 2-RhoA interaction. Additionally, Thymosin β4, by modulating actin dynamics, influences RhoA activity and subsequently Rhotekin 2's function.
Rhotekin 2 is also modulated by cellular compensatory mechanisms in response to disruptions in Rho GTPase signaling. Statins, for instance, inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, leading to reduced isoprenylation of RhoA, which may trigger compensatory upregulation of RhoA activity and Rhotekin 2 engagement. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, a substrate for protein geranylgeranylation, is essential for RhoA's interaction with Rhotekin 2. ML-141 and NSC23766,specific inhibitors of Cdc42 and Rac1, respectively, may indirectly activate RhoA due to the interplay between Rho GTPases, thereby enhancing Rhotekin 2's activity. Cell-permeable C3 transferase inhibits RhoA through ADP-ribosylation, which paradoxically can lead to cellular responses that ultimately increase Rhotekin 2 activity. Collectively, these chemical activators work through distinct but interconnected signaling pathways to elevate the functional activity of Rhotekin 2, a critical mediator in actin cytoskeleton organization and cell signaling.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates Rhotekin 2 by stimulating adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular levels of cAMP. Elevated cAMP levels activate protein kinase A, which subsequently phosphorylates and activates Rhotekin 2, facilitating its functional activation. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates Rhotekin 2 by directly activating protein kinase C (PKC), which phosphorylates and activates Rhotekin 2. Activated Rhotekin 2 then interacts with downstream effectors to promote actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell migration, indicating functional activation of Rhotekin 2 by PMA. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $159.00 $315.00 $598.00 | 34 | |
IBMX activates Rhotekin 2 by inhibiting phosphodiesterases, leading to elevated levels of cAMP. Increased cAMP levels activate protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates and activates Rhotekin 2, promoting its functional activation and subsequent involvement in cellular processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $54.00 $128.00 $199.00 $311.00 | 23 | |
A23187 activates Rhotekin 2 by inducing calcium ion influx into the cell, which activates downstream signaling pathways including Rho GTPases. Activated Rho GTPases then stimulate Rhotekin 2, leading to its phosphorylation and functional activation, ultimately modulating cellular processes such as actin cytoskeleton organization. | ||||||
Isoproterenol Hydrochloride | 51-30-9 | sc-202188 sc-202188A | 100 mg 500 mg | $27.00 $37.00 | 5 | |
Isoproterenol activates Rhotekin 2 by binding to β-adrenergic receptors, leading to activation of adenylate cyclase and subsequent elevation of cAMP levels. Increased cAMP levels activate protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates and activates Rhotekin 2, resulting in its functional activation and involvement in cytoskeletal dynamics. | ||||||
8-Bromo-cAMP | 76939-46-3 | sc-201564 sc-201564A | 10 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $224.00 | 30 | |
8-Bromo-cAMP activates Rhotekin 2 by mimicking the action of cAMP, thereby stimulating protein kinase A (PKA) activity. Activated PKA phosphorylates and activates Rhotekin 2, promoting its functional activation and subsequent involvement in cellular processes such as actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell migration. | ||||||
Ionomycin, free acid | 56092-81-0 | sc-263405 sc-263405A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $259.00 | 2 | |
Ionomycin free acid activates Rhotekin 2 by inducing calcium ion influx into the cytoplasm, leading to activation of Rho GTPases. Activated Rho GTPases then stimulate Rhotekin 2, resulting in its phosphorylation and functional activation, ultimately modulating cellular processes such as actin cytoskeleton organization and cell migration. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $121.00 $392.00 | 148 | |
LY 294002 activates Rhotekin 2 indirectly by inhibiting phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), leading to modulation of downstream pathways involved in Rho GTPase activation. This modulation indirectly promotes the activation of Rhotekin 2 through the Rho GTPase signaling pathway, indicating functional activation of Rhotekin 2 by LY 294002. | ||||||
U-0126 | 109511-58-2 | sc-222395 sc-222395A | 1 mg 5 mg | $63.00 $241.00 | 136 | |
U0126 activates Rhotekin 2 indirectly by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), disrupting downstream signaling pathways that negatively regulate Rho GTPases. This disruption indirectly promotes the activation of Rhotekin 2 through the Rho GTPase signaling pathway, indicating functional activation of Rhotekin 2 by U0126. | ||||||
Rolipram | 61413-54-5 | sc-3563 sc-3563A | 5 mg 50 mg | $75.00 $212.00 | 18 | |
Rolipram activates Rhotekin 2 indirectly by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), leading to elevated levels of cAMP. Increased cAMP levels activate protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates and activates Rhotekin 2, promoting its functional activation and subsequent involvement in cellular processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics. | ||||||