AIG1 Activators
Chemical activators of AIG1 can influence the protein's activity through various mechanisms. Forskolin, for example, directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, which increases the levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) within the cell. The rise in cAMP can activate protein kinase A (PKA), a kinase that can phosphorylate AIG1, thereby activating it. Similarly, dibutyryl-cAMP (db-cAMP), a cell-permeable analog of cAMP, can also activate PKA, leading to the phosphorylation and subsequent activation of AIG1. On the other hand, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC). Since PKC phosphorylates a wide range of cellular proteins, if AIG1 is a substrate for PKC, this would result in its activation.
In addition to these direct activators, there are compounds that can affect AIG1 activity by modulating cellular phosphatases. Calyculin A and Okadaic Acid, both inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), can maintain AIG1 in a phosphorylated state by preventing its dephosphorylation, thus keeping AIG1 active. Ionomycin, a calcium ionophore, raises intracellular calcium levels, which could activate calcium-dependent kinases such as calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK). These kinases can phosphorylate AIG1 if it is within their substrate profile. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) triggers its receptor and initiates a cascade that may involve the activation of kinases like ERK1/2, which might then phosphorylate AIG1, leading to its activation. Similarly, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) acts as a signaling molecule that can activate kinases through oxidative stress pathways, potentially leading to AIG1 phosphorylation. Finally, lithium chloride inhibits GSK-3, possibly leading to the activation of kinases within the Wnt signaling pathway that could phosphorylate AIG1, while sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) activates MAP kinase signaling which may also target AIG1 for phosphorylation. Thapsigargin, by inhibiting SERCA pumps, increases cytosolic calcium and can activate calcium-dependent pathways that might phosphorylate and activate AIG1.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. Elevated cAMP can activate PKA (protein kinase A), which can then phosphorylate and activate AIG1 as part of a signal transduction pathway. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC can phosphorylate a multitude of proteins, including AIG1 if it is a substrate for PKC, leading to its activation within the cell. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore which increases intracellular calcium levels. Elevated calcium can activate calcium-dependent kinases, such as calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK), which may then activate AIG1 through phosphorylation if AIG1 is part of the CaMK substrate profile. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $45.00 $130.00 $480.00 $4450.00 | 74 | |
db-cAMP is a cell-permeable cAMP analog which can activate PKA. PKA, in turn, can phosphorylate and activate AIG1 if it is within the range of PKA targets. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A sc-24000C | 10 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $160.00 $750.00 $3000.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), which prevents the dephosphorylation of proteins. By inhibiting PP1 and PP2A, Calyculin A can indirectly maintain AIG1 in a phosphorylated and active state if AIG1 is normally regulated by these phosphatases. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic Acid is also an inhibitor of PP1 and PP2A, similar to Calyculin A. By preventing dephosphorylation, it can indirectly maintain AIG1 in an active state. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $254.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor that can activate stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) like JNK. Activated JNK may phosphorylate AIG1, leading to its activation if AIG1 is a JNK substrate. | ||||||
Hydrogen Peroxide | 7722-84-1 | sc-203336 sc-203336A sc-203336B | 100 ml 500 ml 3.8 L | $30.00 $60.00 $93.00 | 27 | |
H2O2 serves as a signaling molecule that can activate various kinases through oxidative stress pathways. These kinases, once activated, could potentially phosphorylate and activate AIG1 if it is a part of the oxidative stress response. | ||||||
Lithium | 7439-93-2 | sc-252954 | 50 g | $214.00 | ||
LiCl inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). Inhibition of GSK-3 can lead to the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway, which involves various kinases that may phosphorylate and activate AIG1. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $162.00 $316.00 $559.00 $889.00 $1693.00 | 7 | |
S1P binds to its G protein-coupled receptors (S1PRs) and can initiate a signaling cascade that involves MAP kinase activation. These kinases may phosphorylate and activate AIG1 as part of their signaling. | ||||||