2B28 Activators
2B28 include a diverse set of compounds that modulate various signaling pathways, leading to the phosphorylation and activation of this protein. Forskolin activates 2B28 by directly stimulating adenylate cyclase, thereby increasing intracellular levels of cAMP. This elevation in cAMP facilitates the activation of protein kinase A, which is known to phosphorylate target proteins such as 2B28. Similarly, Isoproterenol and Epinephrine, both adrenergic receptor agonists, elevate cAMP levels through the activation of adenylate cyclase, which in turn promotes PKA activation and subsequent phosphorylation of 2B28. Another compound, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), engages with its specific G protein-coupled receptors to activate adenylate cyclase, again leading to cAMP accumulation and PKA-mediated phosphorylation of 2B28.
Compounds that influence the state of 2B28 through different mechanisms include IBMX, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that prevents cAMP breakdown, thus sustaining PKA activity and maintaining the phosphorylated state of 2B28. Anisomycin, while primarily acting as a protein synthesis inhibitor, can activate stress-activated protein kinases that may target 2B28 for phosphorylation. The calcium ionophore Ionomycin raises intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calcium-dependent kinases capable of modifying 2B28. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) serves as an activator of protein kinase C, another kinase that can phosphorylate 2B28 if it is within its substrate profile. Dibutyryl-cAMP, being a cAMP analog, bypasses cellular receptors and directly activates PKA, which then can phosphorylate 2B28. Conversely, H-89, despite being an inhibitor of PKA, can lead to the compensatory activation of other kinases that may phosphorylate 2B28. Okadaic Acid, through inhibition of protein phosphatases, leads to an overall increase in protein phosphorylation, affecting 2B28 as well. Lastly, Bay K 8644, by acting as a calcium channel agonist, increases intracellular calcium and thereby activates kinases that can phosphorylate 2B28, altering its activity state.
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isoproterenol Hydrochloride | 51-30-9 | sc-202188 sc-202188A | 100 mg 500 mg | $28.00 $38.00 | 5 | |
Isoproterenol is a synthetic catecholamine that acts as an agonist of beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to increased intracellular cAMP levels, potentially resulting in PKA activation and subsequent phosphorylation of 2B28. | ||||||
PGE2 | 363-24-6 | sc-201225 sc-201225C sc-201225A sc-201225B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg | $57.00 $159.00 $275.00 $678.00 | 37 | |
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) interacts with its G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), leading to the activation of adenylate cyclase and an increase in cAMP, which can activate PKA and may result in the phosphorylation and activation of 2B28. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $260.00 $350.00 $500.00 | 34 | |
3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) is a non-selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, which prevents the breakdown of cAMP, leading to sustained PKA activity which could phosphorylate and activate 2B28. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $99.00 $259.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor that also activates stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs/JNKs), which may phosphorylate and activate 2B28 if 2B28 is a substrate of these kinases. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium levels, potentially activating calcium-dependent protein kinases which could phosphorylate and activate 2B28. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), which could directly phosphorylate and activate 2B28 if 2B28 is a PKC substrate. | ||||||
(−)-Epinephrine | 51-43-4 | sc-205674 sc-205674A sc-205674B sc-205674C sc-205674D | 1 g 5 g 10 g 100 g 1 kg | $41.00 $104.00 $201.00 $1774.00 $16500.00 | ||
Epinephrine binds to and activates beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to adenylate cyclase activation, increased cAMP, activation of PKA, and potential phosphorylation and activation of 2B28. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $47.00 $136.00 $492.00 $4552.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl-cAMP is a membrane-permeable cAMP analog that activates PKA and could lead to the phosphorylation and activation of 2B28. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $291.00 $530.00 $1800.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, which can lead to increased phosphorylation levels of proteins, potentially including 2B28, resulting in its activation. | ||||||
(±)-Bay K 8644 | 71145-03-4 | sc-203324 sc-203324A sc-203324B | 1 mg 5 mg 50 mg | $84.00 $196.00 $817.00 | ||
Bay K 8644 is a calcium channel agonist that increases intracellular calcium, which can activate calcium-dependent kinases capable of phosphorylating and activating 2B28. | ||||||