TAP26 Activators
TAP26 can induce its activation through various intracellular signaling pathways. Forskolin, by directly stimulating adenylyl cyclase, increases the levels of cAMP within the cell, which in turn activates protein kinase A (PKA). Active PKA can phosphorylate target proteins, which may include TAP26 if it is a substrate for this kinase. Similarly, Dibutyryl-cAMP, a synthetic analog of cAMP, permeates cells and activates PKA, potentially leading to the phosphorylation of TAP26. Another chemical, IBMX, acts to elevate cAMP and cGMP levels by inhibiting phosphodiesterases, which normally break down these cyclic nucleotides. The resultant increase in cAMP or cGMP can also enhance PKA or protein kinase G (PKG) activity, respectively, leading to the activation of TAP26 through phosphorylation. In addition, the calcium ionophore A23187 increases intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) pathways, possibly resulting in the phosphorylation of TAP26. Ionomycin, another calcium ionophore, similarly raises intracellular calcium levels, potentially activating calcium-dependent kinases that may act on TAP26.
Additionally, PMA, as a diacylglycerol (DAG) analog, activates protein kinase C (PKC), which can lead to the phosphorylation of proteins including TAP26 if it is a PKC substrate. The inhibitors of protein phosphatases, Calyculin A and Okadaic Acid, can prevent dephosphorylation of proteins, leading to a net increase in the phosphorylation state of proteins such as TAP26. Anisomycin, through inhibiting protein synthesis, activates stress-activated protein kinases like JNK and p38 MAP kinase, which could potentially result in the phosphorylation of TAP26 as part of the cellular stress response. On the other hand, LY294002, although a PI3K inhibitor, can lead to the activation of certain components of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which might include TAP26. Lastly, Staurosporine, while known as a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor, has been observed to activate certain pathways through feedback mechanisms, which can include the activation of TAP26 if it is involved in one of these pathways.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a diacylglycerol (DAG) analog which activates protein kinase C (PKC). PKC activation can result in phosphorylation and activation of downstream proteins, potentially including TAP26 if it is a substrate for PKC. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $260.00 $350.00 $500.00 | 34 | |
Isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) is a non-specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, which prevents the breakdown of cAMP and cGMP. By increasing cAMP/cGMP levels, it may enhance PKA or PKG activity, respectively, leading to the phosphorylation and activation of TAP26 if it is a target for these kinases. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $55.00 $131.00 $203.00 $317.00 | 23 | |
Calcium ionophore A23187 increases intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) pathways. CaMK can phosphorylate a variety of proteins, potentially activating TAP26 if it is susceptible to such post-translational modifications. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A | 10 µg 100 µg | $163.00 $800.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). Inhibition of these phosphatases can lead to an increase in the phosphorylation state of proteins, potentially resulting in the activation of TAP26 if it is normally dephosphorylated by PP1 or PP2A. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $291.00 $530.00 $1800.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A, similar to Calyculin A. Its inhibition could thus result in increased phosphorylation and activation of TAP26 if it is a substrate for these phosphatases. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $99.00 $259.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor that activates stress-activated protein kinases like JNK and p38 MAP kinase. The activation of these kinases could lead to the phosphorylation and activation of TAP26 if it is part of stress or inflammation response pathways. | ||||||
Ionomycin, free acid | 56092-81-0 | sc-263405 sc-263405A | 1 mg 5 mg | $96.00 $264.00 | 2 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore known to increase intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calcium-dependent signaling pathways, potentially leading to activation of TAP26 through downstream effectors that respond to calcium. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $47.00 $136.00 $492.00 $4552.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl-cAMP is a cell-permeable cAMP analog that activates cAMP-dependent pathways. It can mimic the action of endogenous cAMP and activate PKA, which may lead to the phosphorylation and activation of TAP26 if PKA directly targets it. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $123.00 $400.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a PI3K inhibitor, but its use can lead to feedback activation of certain PI3K-Akt signaling components. If TAP26 is downstream of PI3K-Akt, this feedback loop could result in its activation. | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $153.00 $396.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor, but paradoxically, it can activate certain pathways due to feedback mechanisms. If TAP26 is part of a pathway that is subject to such feedback regulation, staurosporine might lead to its activation. | ||||||