RICH2 Activators
RICH2 activators are a collection of chemical compounds that facilitate the enhancement of RICH2 function through distinct and targeted mechanisms within cellular signaling networks. Forskolin, through its capacity to raise cAMP levels, activates PKA, which in turn phosphorylates substrates to potentiate RICH2's GAP activity against RhoA. This phosphorylation cascade is crucial for RICH2 to regulate the cytoskeleton and cell morphology effectively. PMA, as a PKC activator, and Y-27632, as a ROCK inhibitor, both serve to fine-tune the actin cytoskeleton, promoting an environment conducive to RICH2 activity. NSC 23766 and ML141, by selectively inhibiting Rac1 and Cdc42 respectively, skew Rho GTPase signaling, potentially amplifying RICH2's role. LY294002, through PI3K inhibition, and PD98059 and SB203580, through their actions on the MAPK pathway, orchestrate a reduction in competitive signaling and stress fiber formation, which could facilitate the GAP function of RICH2.
In parallel, IPA-3's inhibition of PAKs, and Tozasertib's targeting of Aurora kinases, manipulate the actin cytoskeleton and mitotic spindle dynamics to indirectly support RICH2's activity in cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell division. The landscape of RICH2 activity is further refined by GSK269962A, another ROCK inhibitor, which reduces cytoskeletal tension, thereby potentially increasing the efficacy of RICH2-mediated signaling events. The concerted action of these activators underscores a multifaceted approach to enhancing RICH2, each compound contributing through its unique modulation of signaling pathways and cytoskeletal elements that are essential for the diverse functions of RICH2. Collectively, their biochemical actions coalesce to potentiate the natural role of RICH2 in cellular signaling, without altering its expression levels or necessitating direct activation.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly elevates intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels, leading to the activation of Protein Kinase A (PKA). PKA then phosphorylates various substrates that can interact with RICH2, enhancing its GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity towards Rho family GTPases, particularly RhoA. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a diacylglycerol analog that activates Protein Kinase C (PKC). PKC activation is known to modulate the actin cytoskeleton, which can have a downstream effect on RICH2 by promoting its activity in cytoskeletal rearrangement processes. | ||||||
Y-27632, free base | 146986-50-7 | sc-3536 sc-3536A | 5 mg 50 mg | $182.00 $693.00 | 88 | |
Y-27632 is a selective inhibitor of ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase), which functions downstream of RhoA. By inhibiting ROCK, Y-27632 indirectly enhances RICH2's GAP activity by reducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of RICH2 substrates. | ||||||
NSC 23766 | 733767-34-5 | sc-204823 sc-204823A | 10 mg 50 mg | $148.00 $597.00 | 75 | |
NSC 23766 inhibits the interaction between Rac1 and its GEFs, Trio and Tiam1, resulting in decreased active Rac1. This reduction in Rac1-GTP levels can indirectly enhance the activity of RICH2 by reducing competitive signaling pathways. | ||||||
ML 141 | 71203-35-5 | sc-362768 sc-362768A | 5 mg 25 mg | $134.00 $502.00 | 7 | |
ML141 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the small GTPase Cdc42. By inhibiting Cdc42, ML141 may enhance the activity of RICH2 by shifting the balance of Rho GTPase signaling towards pathways where RICH2 is an active GAP. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $121.00 $392.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a PI3K inhibitor that leads to attenuated downstream Akt signaling. This can indirectly enhance RICH2 activity by reducing cellular levels of PIP3, which can affect the localization and activity of RICH2 in actin cytoskeleton dynamics. | ||||||
PD 98059 | 167869-21-8 | sc-3532 sc-3532A | 1 mg 5 mg | $39.00 $90.00 | 212 | |
PD98059 is an inhibitor of MEK, which is part of the MAPK/ERK pathway. By inhibiting MEK, PD98059 can enhance RICH2 activity by preventing the phosphorylation and activation of kinases that may negatively regulate RICH2's GAP function. | ||||||
SB 203580 | 152121-47-6 | sc-3533 sc-3533A | 1 mg 5 mg | $88.00 $342.00 | 284 | |
SB203580 is a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK. By inhibiting p38 MAPK, it can enhance RICH2's activity by reducing stress fiber formation and altering the actin cytoskeleton in a way that favors RICH2-mediated signaling. | ||||||
IPA 3 | 42521-82-4 | sc-204016 sc-204016A | 5 mg 50 mg | $92.00 $449.00 | 6 | |
IPA-3 selectively inhibits the PAK (p21-activated kinase) family. Inhibition of PAK can enhance RICH2 activity indirectly by modulating the actin cytoskeleton and cellular protrusions where RICH2 is involved. | ||||||
GSK 269962 | 850664-21-0 | sc-363279 sc-363279A | 10 mg 50 mg | $300.00 $1000.00 | 1 | |
GSK269962A is a ROCK inhibitor that could enhance RICH2 activity by reducing the tension in the actin cytoskeleton, allowing RICH2 to more effectively exert its GAP activity on RhoA. | ||||||