RGPD1 Activators
Chemical activators of RGPD1 engage in diverse cellular mechanisms to modulate the activity of this protein. Forskolin, a prominent activator, directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, thereby increasing intracellular levels of cAMP. The elevated cAMP in turn activates protein kinase A (PKA), which is known for its role in phosphorylating numerous proteins, including RGPD1. Similarly, Dibutyryl-cAMP (db-cAMP), a synthetic cAMP analog, bypasses the cellular receptors and directly activates PKA, leading to the phosphorylation of RGPD1. On a different pathway, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) specifically activates protein kinase C (PKC), which also phosphorylates RGPD1 as a downstream target. This phosphorylation is a key regulatory step for the functional activation of RGPD1.
Other chemicals exert their effects by modulating intracellular calcium levels, which is a critical second messenger in various signaling pathways. For instance, Ionomycin increases intracellular calcium by acting as a calcium ionophore, which may indirectly lead to the activation of RGPD1 through calcium-dependent kinases such as calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK). Similarly, Thapsigargin elevates cytosolic calcium concentrations by inhibiting the SERCA pump, potentially resulting in RGPD1 activation. Additionally, inhibitors of protein phosphatases such as Okadaic Acid and Calyculin A prevent the dephosphorylation of proteins, which could maintain RGPD1 in an active state. In the context of cellular stress response, Anisomycin activates stress-activated protein kinases, including JNK, which may phosphorylate and activate RGPD1. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) induces a cascade of events through its receptor, activating the MAPK/ERK pathway, which could lead to RGPD1 activation due to cross-talk between signaling pathways. Lastly, while Staurosporine is widely known as a kinase inhibitor, its initial transient activation of kinases before inhibition may also result in the activation of RGPD1.
SEE ALSO...
Items 1 to 10 of 11 total
Display:
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. Elevated cAMP can activate PKA (protein kinase A), which in turn can phosphorylate and activate RGPD1 as part of downstream signaling events. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC), which can phosphorylate and activate RGPD1 as part of its downstream signaling cascade. PKC-mediated phosphorylation is a common regulatory mechanism for proteins involved in numerous cellular processes. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium levels. Calcium acts as a second messenger and can activate calcium-dependent protein kinases, such as calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK), which could then phosphorylate and activate RGPD1. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid inhibits protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A, leading to increased phosphorylation levels of cellular proteins. This inhibition can result in the activation of RGPD1 through reduced dephosphorylation, maintaining it in an active phosphorylated state. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A | 10 µg 100 µg | $160.00 $750.00 | 59 | |
Similar to okadaic acid, calyculin A inhibits protein phosphatases such as PP1 and PP2A. This inhibition maintains proteins in their phosphorylated and active states, possibly including RGPD1, by reducing the dephosphorylation rate. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $254.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor that activates stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) like JNK. Activation of JNK can lead to the phosphorylation and activation of a variety of proteins, potentially including RGPD1 as part of stress response signaling pathways. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin is a SERCA pump inhibitor that leads to an increase in cytosolic calcium levels. Elevated calcium can activate calcium-dependent kinases, which in turn could phosphorylate and activate RGPD1. | ||||||
Bisindolylmaleimide I (GF 109203X) | 133052-90-1 | sc-24003A sc-24003 | 1 mg 5 mg | $103.00 $237.00 | 36 | |
Bisindolylmaleimide I is a selective inhibitor of PKC that, paradoxically, can act as an activator under certain conditions by disrupting PKC regulatory mechanisms. This disruption can lead to unintended activation of PKC's downstream targets, potentially including RGPD1 through kinase-mediated phosphorylation. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $45.00 $130.00 $480.00 $4450.00 | 74 | |
db-cAMP is a membrane-permeable cAMP analog that activates PKA. Activation of PKA results in the phosphorylation of numerous cellular proteins, which may include RGPD1 within the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway. | ||||||
Cyclosporin A | 59865-13-3 | sc-3503 sc-3503-CW sc-3503A sc-3503B sc-3503C sc-3503D | 100 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g 25 g 100 g | $62.00 $90.00 $299.00 $475.00 $1015.00 $2099.00 | 69 | |
Cyclosporin A binds to and inhibits the protein phosphatase calcineurin. The inhibition of calcineurin results in increased phosphorylation of its substrates. This could lead to the activation of RGPD1 if calcineurin normally dephosphorylates and inactivates it. | ||||||