Date published: 2026-3-9

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IDO Inhibitors

IDO inhibitors represent a distinct chemical class of compounds intricately designed to selectively target and modulate the activity of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). IDO is a crucial immunomodulatory enzyme found in various cell types, including immune cells, stromal cells, and certain tumor cells. It plays a central role in the regulation of immune responses and has garnered significant attention in the field of immunology and cancer research. The primary function of IDO is to catalyze the conversion of the essential amino acid tryptophan into kynurenine along the kynurenine pathway. This enzymatic reaction leads to the depletion of tryptophan and the accumulation of kynurenine and its downstream metabolites. Tryptophan depletion has been shown to negatively impact T cell proliferation and activation, while the accumulation of kynurenine and its derivatives can exert immunosuppressive effects on various immune cell populations. By inhibiting IDO, these compounds disrupt its catalytic activity, preventing the conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine. This blockade alters the metabolic balance of tryptophan and kynurenine, leading to changes in immune responses. These alterations may result in a less immunosuppressive environment, enhancing anti-tumor immune responses and promoting immune cell activity against pathogens. IDO inhibitors have become invaluable research tools in investigating the complex interplay between metabolism and immune regulation. By utilizing these inhibitors, researchers can explore the precise mechanisms by which IDO influences immune responses. The chemical structures and mechanisms of action of IDO inhibitors can vary widely, as researchers continue to optimize these compounds to improve their selectivity and potency in targeting IDO.

SEE ALSO...

Product NameCAS #Catalog #QUANTITYPriceCitationsRATING

Necrostatin-1

4311-88-0sc-200142
sc-200142A
20 mg
100 mg
$94.00
$343.00
97
(3)

Necrostatin-1 acts as a potent inhibitor of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), modulating necroptosis pathways. Its unique structure allows for selective binding to the kinase domain, disrupting ATP binding and altering downstream signaling cascades. The compound exhibits a distinct affinity for specific protein conformations, influencing cellular fate decisions. Its kinetic profile reveals a competitive inhibition mechanism, highlighting its role in regulating cell death and survival pathways.

Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone

737-86-0sc-204192
50 mg
$265.00
9
(1)

Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone functions as an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, showcasing unique molecular interactions that disrupt tryptophan catabolism. Its structure facilitates strong binding to the active site of IDO, altering enzyme conformation and inhibiting substrate access. The compound exhibits a distinctive kinetic profile, characterized by non-competitive inhibition, which influences metabolic pathways and immune responses. Its solubility and stability enhance its interaction dynamics within biological systems.

Ebselen

60940-34-3sc-200740B
sc-200740
sc-200740A
1 mg
25 mg
100 mg
$33.00
$136.00
$458.00
5
(1)

Ebselen acts as an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, exhibiting unique reactivity through its selenoether moiety, which engages in specific interactions with the enzyme's active site. This compound alters the redox state of IDO, leading to a modulation of its catalytic activity. Its kinetic behavior is marked by a reversible inhibition mechanism, allowing for dynamic regulation of tryptophan metabolism. Additionally, Ebselen's lipophilicity enhances its membrane permeability, influencing its interaction with cellular targets.

1-Methyl-D-tryptophan

110117-83-4sc-200313
50 mg
$52.00
3
(1)

1-Methyl-D-tryptophan serves as a selective inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), characterized by its unique structural features that facilitate specific binding to the enzyme's active site. This compound disrupts the enzymatic conversion of tryptophan, influencing downstream metabolic pathways. Its distinct steric configuration and electronic properties contribute to its inhibition kinetics, allowing for nuanced modulation of IDO activity and tryptophan availability in biological systems.

CAY10581

1018340-07-2sc-223871
sc-223871A
1 mg
5 mg
$61.00
$205.00
1
(0)

CAY10581 functions as an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, characterized by its unique structural features that facilitate selective binding to the enzyme. The compound exhibits strong hydrophobic interactions and forms critical π-π interactions with aromatic residues, enhancing its inhibitory potency. Its reaction kinetics suggest a non-competitive inhibition model, impacting tryptophan catabolism and modulating downstream metabolic pathways through these specific molecular engagements.

Norharmane hydrochloride

7259-44-1sc-253201
sc-253201A
100 mg
1 g
$33.00
$224.00
(1)

Norharmane hydrochloride acts as an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, distinguished by its unique indole structure that enhances its affinity for the enzyme. This compound engages in specific hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions, which stabilize its binding to IDO. Its kinetic profile reveals a competitive inhibition mechanism, effectively altering tryptophan metabolism and influencing related biochemical pathways through its distinct molecular interactions.

Norharmane

244-63-3sc-212410
sc-212410A
sc-212410C
sc-212410D
sc-212410E
sc-212410F
100 mg
500 mg
1 g
5 g
25 g
50 g
$55.00
$148.00
$245.00
$408.00
$1642.00
$3256.00
33
(1)

Norharmane acts as an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, distinguished by its ability to engage in hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with the enzyme's active site. This compound's unique electronic structure allows for effective π-stacking with nearby aromatic amino acids, influencing its binding affinity. The kinetics of Norharmane reveal a complex interaction profile, suggesting allosteric modulation of IDO activity, thereby altering metabolic flux in tryptophan degradation pathways.

INCB024360

914471-09-3sc-488722
25 mg
$300.00
(0)

INCB024360 functions as an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, characterized by its selective binding to the enzyme's active site through a combination of van der Waals forces and electrostatic interactions. Its unique conformation facilitates a strong fit within the active site, enhancing its inhibitory potency. The compound exhibits a distinct kinetic profile, indicating a competitive inhibition mechanism that effectively disrupts tryptophan metabolism and alters downstream signaling pathways.

NLG919

1402836-58-1sc-478118
10 mg
$352.00
(0)

NLG919, also known as BMS-986205, is an inhibitor. By selectively targeting IDO1, NLG919 reduces the production of kynurenine from tryptophan, modulating the local tumor microenvironment. This results in a decrease in immunosuppressive factors and an increase in antitumor immune responses.

2-Benzyl-2-thiopseudourea hydrochloride

538-28-3sc-237919
100 g
$99.00
(0)

2-Benzyl-2-thiopseudourea hydrochloride acts as a potent indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, showcasing a unique ability to form hydrogen bonds with key amino acid residues in the enzyme's active site. This interaction stabilizes the enzyme-inhibitor complex, leading to a significant reduction in enzymatic activity. The compound's structural features promote a favorable orientation for binding, influencing reaction kinetics and modulating metabolic pathways associated with tryptophan degradation.