C1QTNF (C1q and TNF related) Inhibitors

The C1QTNF family, short for C1q and TNF related proteins, consists of a group of secreted proteins that are characterized by a C1q domain at their C-terminus, similar to that found in the complement component C1q and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). These proteins are involved in various biological processes, including inflammation, metabolism, and cell signaling. The C1QTNF family members are known to interact with a range of receptors and signaling molecules, influencing pathways related to insulin sensitivity, adipocyte function, and energy homeostasis. Functionally, C1QTNF proteins have been implicated in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, and disturbances in their expression or activity are associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.

Some members of this family are also involved in modulating immune responses, potentially influencing the development and progression of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The signaling pathways activated by C1QTNF proteins can involve classical receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors, and can lead to the activation of various downstream signaling cascades, including NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Targeting C1QTNF proteins for disruption or inhibition using small molecules allows for the exploration of their role in metabolic and inflammatory pathways. By inhibiting the activity of these proteins, researchers can observe changes in metabolic processes, such as glucose and lipid metabolism, and assess the impact on related diseases like diabetes and obesity. Small molecule inhibitors can also help elucidate the role of C1QTNF proteins in immune modulation, providing insights into their involvement in inflammation and autoimmune conditions.