Atg9b Activators
Atg9b Activators encompass a variety of compounds that engage in the upregulation of autophagy, a cellular degradation and recycling process in which Atg9b plays a crucial role. Compounds like Rapamycin, Torin 1, and Metformin act by inhibiting the mTOR pathway or activating AMPK, both of which are upstream signals that lead to the induction of autophagy. Inhibition of mTOR or activation of AMPK results in the de-repression of autophagy-related processes,Atg9b Activators encompass a variety of compounds that engage in the upregulation of autophagy, a cellular degradation and recycling process in which Atg9b plays a crucial role. Compounds like Rapamycin and Metformin act by inhibiting the mTOR pathway or activating AMPK, both of which are upstream signals that lead to the induction of autophagy. Inhibition of mTOR or activation of AMPK results in the de-repression of autophagy-related processes, thus necessitating the trafficking function of Atg9b to supply membrane materials to autophagosomes. Similarly, the induction of autophagy by drugs like Carbamazepine and Lithium, through the inhibition of inositol synthesis and IP3 levels, underlines their role in the enhancement of Atg9b function. Even more, Spermidine and Resveratrol, which act through epigenetic modifications and the activation of SIRT1 respectively, lead to increased autophagic activity. SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of autophagy-related proteins augments autophagy, and in doing so, enhances the requirement for Atg9b's involvement in autophagosomal membrane dynamics.
Additionally, specific compounds like Trehalose, NMN, and Salicylate indirectly promote the activity of Atg9b by initiating or enhancing autophagic flux through distinct mechanisms. Trehalose, through TFEB activation, NMN by boosting NAD+ and SIRT1 activity, and Salicylate via AMPK activation, all lead to an increased functional load on Atg9b to facilitate the formation and trafficking of autophagosomes. Furthermore, Verapamil, which induces autophagy via cytosolic calcium elevation and AMPK activation, and Spautin-1, through inhibition of USP10 and USP13 stabilizing the Beclin1-Vps34 complex, are exemplary in showcasing the indirect activation of Atg9b.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rapamycin | 53123-88-9 | sc-3504 sc-3504A sc-3504B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg | $63.00 $158.00 $326.00 | 233 | |
Rapamycin inhibits mTOR, which is a negative regulator of autophagy. Since Atg9b is a core component of autophagy vesicle trafficking, inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin leads to the activation of autophagy and the functional activity of Atg9b is enhanced as a consequence. | ||||||
Carbamazepine | 298-46-4 | sc-202518 sc-202518A | 1 g 5 g | $33.00 $71.00 | 5 | |
Carbamazepine induces autophagy by inhibiting inositol synthesis, which leads to depletion of IP3 levels and activation of autophagy. This process, in turn, enhances the trafficking function of Atg9b, as it is essential for autophagosome formation. | ||||||
Lithium | 7439-93-2 | sc-252954 | 50 g | $214.00 | ||
Lithium induces autophagy by inhibiting inositol monophosphatase, leading to reduced IP3 levels. As autophagy is positively regulated in response to lower IP3 levels, the activity of Atg9b is indirectly enhanced due to its role in autophagosome formation. | ||||||
D-(+)-Trehalose Anhydrous | 99-20-7 | sc-294151 sc-294151A sc-294151B | 1 g 25 g 100 g | $30.00 $167.00 $260.00 | 2 | |
Trehalose induces autophagy via the activation of TFEB, a master regulator of lysosome biogenesis and autophagy. Enhanced autophagic flux due to TFEB activation would result in an increased functional requirement for Atg9b, which is involved in autophagosome membrane trafficking. | ||||||
Spermidine | 124-20-9 | sc-215900 sc-215900B sc-215900A | 1 g 25 g 5 g | $57.00 $607.00 $176.00 | ||
Spermidine promotes autophagy through epigenetic mechanisms that involve the inhibition of histone acetyltransferases. Enhanced autophagy requires the trafficking function of Atg9b to supply membrane to forming autophagosomes. | ||||||
Resveratrol | 501-36-0 | sc-200808 sc-200808A sc-200808B | 100 mg 500 mg 5 g | $80.00 $220.00 $460.00 | 64 | |
Resveratrol activates autophagy via SIRT1-dependent deacetylation of autophagy-related proteins. By activating autophagy, the role of Atg9b in vesicle formation and trafficking is indirectly enhanced. | ||||||
Metformin-d6, Hydrochloride | 1185166-01-1 | sc-218701 sc-218701A sc-218701B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg | $292.00 $822.00 $1540.00 | 1 | |
Metformin activates AMPK which in turn can initiate autophagy by inhibiting mTOR signaling. The activation of autophagy will enhance the role of Atg9b as it is required for the formation and trafficking of autophagic vesicles. | ||||||
Salicylic acid | 69-72-7 | sc-203374 sc-203374A sc-203374B | 100 g 500 g 1 kg | $47.00 $94.00 $119.00 | 3 | |
Salicylate can activate AMPK and thereby induce autophagy. Through the activation of autophagy, Atg9b function is indirectly enhanced due to its role in the formation of autophagosomes. | ||||||
β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide | 1094-61-7 | sc-212376 sc-212376A sc-212376B sc-212376C sc-212376D | 25 mg 100 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $110.00 $150.00 $220.00 $300.00 $600.00 | 4 | |
NMN enhances NAD+ levels, which in turn activates SIRT1. SIRT1 activation promotes autophagy through deacetylation of autophagy-related proteins. This activation of autophagy enhances Atg9b activity, as Atg9b is critical for autophagic vesicle trafficking. | ||||||
Verapamil | 52-53-9 | sc-507373 | 1 g | $374.00 | ||
Verapamil induces autophagy by elevating cytosolic calcium levels and activating AMPK. As a key component of autophagosome formation, Atg9b's function is enhanced in the process of autophagy induction. | ||||||