Aftiphilin Activators
Aftiphilin's functional activity, predominantly within the domain of synaptic vesicle dynamics and neuronal transmission. Forskolin, for example, through the elevation of intracellular cAMP levels, indirectly promotes Aftiphilin's role by activating protein kinase A (PKA), which is known to phosphorylate substrates that could include Aftiphilin, thus enhancing vesicular trafficking. Similarly, compounds like 8-Bromo-cAMP and Dibutyryl-cAMP, as analogs of cAMP, permeate the cell membrane to activate PKA, which may lead to the phosphorylation of Aftiphilin or its interacting partners, thereby augmenting its function in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Phosphatase inhibitors such as Calyculin A and Okadaic Acid increase the phosphorylation state of cellular proteins, which may include those associated with Aftiphilin, potentially enhancing its activity. Furthermore, PMA, as a PKC activator, could lead to the phosphorylation of proteins in the Aftiphilin pathway, indirectly boosting its role in membranefusion and trafficking.
The modulation of intracellular calcium levels plays a pivotal role in the activation of Aftiphilin, with Ionomycin increasing calcium concentrations, which may affect Aftiphilin's involvement in vesicle fusion processes. Likewise, Bay K8644, by stimulating L-type calcium channels, could amplify calcium-mediated signaling events that enhance Aftiphilin's function. The polyamine Spermine, which modulates ion channels, may also exert an influence on signaling pathways that activate Aftiphilin. In the realm of kinase regulation, Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) inhibits various protein kinases, potentially shifting the balance of neuronal signaling pathways to favor Aftiphilin's activity. Anisomycin, although primarily a protein synthesis inhibitor, activates stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs), which could signal through pathways that involve Aftiphilin, potentially increasing its activity related to stress responses in neurons. Lastly, Lithium Chloride's inhibition of GSK-3 may also indirectly enhance Aftiphilin's functional role in neurotransmitter release. Collectively, these activators exert nuanced and specific effects on the cellular signaling pathways, facilitating the enhancement of Aftiphilin's role in synaptic vesicle dynamics.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels, which can lead to PKA activation. PKA may phosphorylate Aftiphilin, enhancing its role in vesicular trafficking. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin acts as a calcium ionophore, increasing intracellular calcium levels, which can affect calcium-dependent proteins and potentially enhance Aftiphilin activity related to vesicle fusion. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC), which can phosphorylate downstream proteins that may interact with or modify the activity of Aftiphilin in membrane fusion. | ||||||
8-Bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate | 23583-48-4 | sc-217493B sc-217493 sc-217493A sc-217493C sc-217493D | 25 mg 50 mg 100 mg 250 mg 500 mg | $108.00 $169.00 $295.00 $561.00 $835.00 | 2 | |
8-Bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Bromo-cAMP) is a cell-permeable cAMP analog that activates PKA. PKA activation could enhance Aftiphilin function in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A | 10 µg 100 µg | $163.00 $800.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A inhibits protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, leading to increased phosphorylation levels of proteins, which could include substrates that interact with Aftiphilin, enhancing its activity. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $291.00 $530.00 $1800.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic Acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, leading to a similar effect as Calyculin A, potentially enhancing Aftiphilin activity by increased phosphorylation of interacting proteins. | ||||||
(±)-Bay K 8644 | 71145-03-4 | sc-203324 sc-203324A sc-203324B | 1 mg 5 mg 50 mg | $84.00 $196.00 $817.00 | ||
Bay K8644 acts as an L-type calcium channel agonist, increasing calcium influx, potentially impacting Aftiphilin activation if calcium-dependent pathways are involved in its function. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $99.00 $259.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor that can also activate stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs), potentially enhancing Aftiphilin activity through stress-related signaling pathways. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $43.00 $73.00 $126.00 $243.00 $530.00 $1259.00 | 11 | |
EGCG inhibits several protein kinases, potentially altering signaling pathways that could enhance the activity of Aftiphilin in neuronal vesicle transport. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $47.00 $136.00 $492.00 $4552.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl-cAMP is another cAMP analog that permeates cells and activates PKA, potentially enhancing Aftiphilin's role in synaptic vesicle dynamics. | ||||||