AFAP-1L1 Activators
AFAP-1L1 activators include Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a known activator of protein kinase C (PKC), and a key player in signal transduction pathways that regulate numerous cellular functions, including gene expression, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. When PMA binds to PKC, it prompts the enzyme to phosphorylate various proteins, including AFAP-1L1. This phosphorylation enhances AFAP-1L1's ability to bind to actin filaments, thereby facilitating actin cytoskeleton reorganization which is critical for cell morphology, motility, and adhesion.
Calpeptin, a calpain inhibitor, works by preserving the integrity of proteins that calpain would otherwise cleave. By protecting AFAP-1L1 from calpain-mediated degradation, Calpeptin indirectly maintains the protein's functional state. This preservation is crucial for AFAP-1L1's role in actin filament organization and the linking of signaling pathways to cytoskeletal dynamics, impacting various cellular processes such as migration and structural maintenance.
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Items 1 to 10 of 12 total
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
Phorbol esters like PMA activate protein kinase C (PKC), which then can phosphorylate AFAP-1L1, leading to its activation. PKC-mediated phosphorylation of AFAP-1L1 enhances its ability to bind to actin filaments, thereby modulating the actin cytoskeleton and promoting cellular changes that depend on actin dynamics. | ||||||
Calpeptin | 117591-20-5 | sc-202516 sc-202516A | 10 mg 50 mg | $121.00 $456.00 | 28 | |
Calpeptin is a calpain inhibitor that, by inhibiting calpain, a calcium-dependent protease that can cleave and inactivate AFAP-1L1, preserves the functional integrity of AFAP-1L1, thereby maintaining its activation state and its role in actin filament organization. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels and activating PKA. Activated PKA can phosphorylate AFAP-1L1, which could enhance its ability to interact with the actin cytoskeleton and play a role in cellular processes that are regulated by actin dynamics. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calmodulin kinase and other calcium-sensitive pathways that may phosphorylate and activate AFAP-1L1, thus promoting its interaction with the actin cytoskeleton and influencing cellular morphology. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $291.00 $530.00 $1800.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A, leading to increased phosphorylation levels within the cell. This could indirectly maintain the phosphorylation state of AFAP-1L1, enhancing its activity in linking signal transduction to the actin cytoskeleton. | ||||||
Jasplakinolide | 102396-24-7 | sc-202191 sc-202191A | 50 µg 100 µg | $184.00 $305.00 | 59 | |
Jasplakinolide stabilizes actin filaments and can indirectly enhance the function of AFAP-1L1 by promoting a more stable actin cytoskeleton structure to which AFAP-1L1 can bind, reinforcing its role in actin dynamics. | ||||||
Cytochalasin D | 22144-77-0 | sc-201442 sc-201442A | 1 mg 5 mg | $165.00 $486.00 | 64 | |
Cytochalasin D disrupts actin polymerization, and by doing so, can indirectly influence the activity of AFAP-1L1 by changing the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton, potentially increasing the need for AFAP-1L1-mediated crosslinking and stabilization of actin filaments. | ||||||
Lithium | 7439-93-2 | sc-252954 | 50 g | $214.00 | ||
Lithium chloride inhibits GSK-3β, which may lead to reduced phosphorylation of substrates that compete with AFAP-1L1 for binding to actin, thereby potentially enhancing the activity of AFAP-1L1 in actin filament organization. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $43.00 $73.00 $126.00 $243.00 $530.00 $1259.00 | 11 | |
EGCG has been shown to inhibit several protein kinases, potentially altering the phosphorylation state of proteins that interact with AFAP-1L1, thereby indirectly enhancing the stabilization and activity of AFAP-1L1 in actin binding and modulation. | ||||||
ML-7 hydrochloride | 110448-33-4 | sc-200557 sc-200557A | 10 mg 50 mg | $91.00 $267.00 | 13 | |
ML-7 is an inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), which can affect actin-myosin dynamics. By inhibiting MLCK, the contractility of actin is modulated, which could create a cellular environment that relies more heavily on AFAP-1L1's ability to organize and stabilize actin filaments. | ||||||