ADAM7 Activators

ADAM7 (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 7) is a member of the ADAM protein family, known for their role in cell adhesion and proteolytic processing of other proteins. This family is characterized by a unique structure featuring a metalloprotease domain, a disintegrin domain, a cysteine-rich area, an EGF-like domain, a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic tail. However, ADAM7 lacks protease activity due to key amino acid substitutions in its metalloprotease domain.Primarily expressed in the epididymis and testis, ADAM7 plays a significant role in sperm maturation and fertility. It is involved in the remodeling of the sperm surface during their transit through the epididymis, a crucial process for acquiring motility and the ability to fertilize an egg. This remodeling involves the shedding of certain surface proteins and the acquisition of others, which are essential for the sperm's interaction with the oocyte.

ADAM7's disintegrin domain facilitates cell-cell interactions, particularly important in the binding of sperm to the egg during fertilization. This domain mimics the structure of integrins, allowing ADAM7 to interact with integrin receptors on the egg's surface, an interaction essential for sperm-egg fusion.In addition to its role in reproduction, ADAM7 is studied for its involvement in various diseases. Alterations in its expression or function have been implicated in infertility issues, particularly those related to sperm function. Understanding ADAM7's mechanisms and interactions can provide insights into male reproductive health and infertility.