PILR-α Activators
PILR-α activators are a select group of chemical entities that potentiate the biological functions of PILR-α through intricate cellular signaling pathways. Forskolin, by increasing intracellular cAMP levels, indirectly heightens PILR-α's activity through the activation of protein kinase A, which may phosphorylate proteins within the PILR-α signaling cascade, thus enhancing its immune response functions. Similarly, Isoproterenol, another β-adrenergic agonist, elevates cAMP and thereby stimulates PKA, potentially leading to the phosphorylation of PILR-α or its associated proteins, culminating in increased signaling efficacy. The action of sphingosine-1-phosphate, which interacts with S1P receptors, affects calcium mobilization and might modulate the functionality of PILR-α through alterations in the intracellular signaling environment.
Parallel to these, PMA as a PKC activator, and Ionomycin, a calcium ionophore, may respectively phosphorylate target proteins and enhance calcium-dependent pathways, contributing to the modulation of PILR-α's activity. EGCG, by inhibiting competitive kinases, can indirectly amplify PILR-α pathways, suggesting a role in fine-tuning the signaling network. The PI3K inhibitors, LY294002 and Wortmannin, shift cellular signaling in favor of PILR-α activation by attenuating PI3K/Akt pathways, which might otherwise suppress PILR-α's signaling potential. Moreover, inhibitors like U0126 and SB203580, targeting MEK1/2 and p38 MAPK respectively, modify the MAPK signaling axis, potentially redirecting cellular processes to enhance PILR-α activity. Thapsigargin's influence on calcium homeostasis and Staurosporine's kinase inhibition spectrum further contribute to the intricate regulatory milieu that can lead to the upregulation of PILR-α's role in immune signaling. Collectively, these activators fine-tune cellular signaling landscapes to amplify the response and functionality of PILR-α.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylyl cyclase, which increases cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in cells. Elevated cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which can then phosphorylate various proteins. Phosphorylation of PILR-α or its associated proteins could lead to its enhanced functional activity in immune signaling. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $165.00 $322.00 $570.00 $907.00 $1727.00 | 7 | |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) binds to S1P receptors, which modulate several signaling pathways, including those related to calcium mobilization. This can modulate the activity of PILR-α by affecting the intracellular environment and signaling context in which PILR-α operates. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC), which can phosphorylate a wide array of target proteins. Activation of PKC can lead to a signaling cascade that may enhance the activity of PILR-α through phosphorylation or by affecting the cellular pathways that involve PILR-α. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium concentrations. Elevated calcium can activate calcium-dependent kinases, which could phosphorylate PILR-α or modify its activity indirectly through calcium signaling pathways. | ||||||
Isoproterenol Hydrochloride | 51-30-9 | sc-202188 sc-202188A | 100 mg 500 mg | $28.00 $38.00 | 5 | |
Isoproterenol is a β-adrenergic agonist that increases intracellular levels of cAMP, subsequently activating PKA. PKA may enhance PILR-α activity by phosphorylating proteins within its signaling network or by priming the immune signaling environment to which PILR-α responds. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $43.00 $73.00 $126.00 $243.00 $530.00 $1259.00 | 11 | |
EGCG is a kinase inhibitor that may inhibit kinases competing with PILR-α-associated signaling pathways. By reducing the activity of these competing kinases, EGCG may indirectly enhance the signaling pathways that lead to PILR-α activation. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $123.00 $400.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a PI3K inhibitor that alters PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. By inhibiting these pathways, LY294002 could shift the balance of intracellular signaling in a way that enhances PILR-α-mediated signaling through compensatory mechanisms or cross-talk with other pathways. | ||||||
SB 203580 | 152121-47-6 | sc-3533 sc-3533A | 1 mg 5 mg | $90.00 $349.00 | 284 | |
SB203580 is a p38 MAPK inhibitor. By inhibiting p38 MAPK, it can change the signaling landscape within the cell, potentially leading to enhancement of PILR-α activity by reducing competition from p38 MAPK-regulated pathways or through compensatory signaling responses. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin is a SERCA pump inhibitor that leads to increased intracellular calcium levels. The perturbation of calcium homeostasis could enhance PILR-α function by activating calcium-dependent signaling proteins that interact with or modify PILR-α signaling. | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $153.00 $396.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor, which could lead to altered signaling that indirectly enhances PILR-α activity by selectively inhibiting kinases that negatively regulate PILR-α signaling pathways or its functional partners within the immune system. | ||||||