Date published: 2025-12-13

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P2X3 Inhibitors

The P2X purinoreceptors, also known as P2X receptors, are a family of ligand-gated ion channels that play a crucial role in mediating extracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) signaling. These receptors are found in various tissues and cell types throughout the body, including the nervous system, immune system, and several organs. P2X receptors are composed of three subunits, typically referred to as P2X1 through P2X7. Each subunit consists of two transmembrane domains (TM1 and TM2), a large extracellular loop, and intracellular N- and C-termini. The three subunits come together to form a homo- or heterotrimeric complex, with the most common forms being homotrimers (e.g., P2X1 trimer) or heterotrimers (e.g., P2X2/3 trimer). The subunit composition determines the functional properties and pharmacological characteristics of the receptor. P2X receptors are activated by the binding of extracellular ATP, which triggers the opening of the ion channel pore formed by the transmembrane domains of the receptor subunits. Upon activation, these channels allow the influx of cations, primarily Na+ and Ca2+, into the cell. This influx of ions leads to depolarization of the cell membrane and the initiation of downstream signaling cascades. P2X receptors are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including neurotransmission, neuromodulation, immune responses, inflammation, and pain perception. In the nervous system, P2X receptors are expressed by neurons and glial cells, where they contribute to synaptic transmission, regulation of neuronal excitability, and modulation of synaptic plasticity. In the immune system, these receptors are found on immune cells such as macrophages, T cells, and dendritic cells, and they participate in immune cell activation, cytokine release, and regulation of the inflammatory response. In conclusion, P2X purinoreceptors are a family of ligand-gated ion channels that respond to extracellular ATP. They are widely expressed throughout the body and play critical roles in numerous physiological processes. Understanding the structure and function of these receptors has the potential to make new scientific discoveries for various diseases and conditions. P2X3 inhibitors offered by Santa Cruz Biotechnology inhibit P2X3 and, in some cases, other purinoreceptors.
Product NameCAS #Catalog #QUANTITYPriceCitationsRATING

NF 449

389142-38-5sc-203159
10 mg
$308.00
5
(1)

NF 449 acts as a selective antagonist of the P2X3 receptor, exhibiting a unique ability to inhibit ATP-mediated signaling. Its molecular interactions involve specific binding sites that stabilize inactive receptor conformations, effectively reducing ion channel permeability. This modulation alters downstream signaling pathways, impacting nociceptive transmission. The compound's kinetic profile reveals a rapid onset of action, allowing for detailed studies of purinergic receptor dynamics and their physiological implications.

NF 110

111150-22-2sc-203642
sc-203642A
10 mg
50 mg
$179.00
$754.00
(0)

NF 110 functions as a selective modulator of the P2X3 receptor, characterized by its ability to disrupt ATP binding through unique allosteric interactions. This compound alters receptor conformation, leading to a decrease in ion flow and subsequent changes in cellular excitability. Its distinct reaction kinetics allow for precise exploration of receptor activation and desensitization processes, providing insights into purinergic signaling mechanisms and their broader biological effects.

A 740003

861393-28-4sc-291774
sc-291774A
10 mg
50 mg
$173.00
$719.00
8
(1)

Highly selective P2RX3 antagonist, inhibits ATP-mediated calcium influx and currents in vitro.

A-317491 sodium salt

475205-49-3 (free acid)sc-300144
5 mg
$200.00
(1)

A-317491 sodium salt acts as a selective antagonist of the P2X3 receptor, exhibiting unique binding dynamics that stabilize the inactive receptor state. This compound influences the receptor's ion channel properties, effectively modulating calcium influx and altering downstream signaling pathways. Its distinct molecular interactions facilitate a nuanced understanding of receptor desensitization and recovery, contributing to the exploration of purinergic receptor functions in various physiological contexts.

A-317491

475205-49-3sc-474921
5 mg
$150.00
(0)

A-317491 is a selective P2X3 receptor antagonist that exhibits unique allosteric modulation, influencing receptor conformation and ion permeability. Its binding affinity alters the kinetics of ATP-induced channel activation, leading to a distinct profile of receptor desensitization. The compound's interactions with specific amino acid residues provide insights into the mechanistic pathways of purinergic signaling, enhancing our understanding of receptor dynamics and their physiological implications.

RO-3

1026582-88-6sc-204242
10 mg
$145.00
(0)

Selective antagonist of P2RX3. Inhibits ATP-induced calcium mobilization and ion channel currents.

PPADS tetrasodium salt, anhydrous

192575-19-2sc-202770
sc-202770A
10 mg
50 mg
$97.00
$390.00
9
(1)

A non-selective antagonist of P2X receptors, including P2RX3, blocks ATP-induced responses.

Suramin sodium

129-46-4sc-507209
sc-507209F
sc-507209A
sc-507209B
sc-507209C
sc-507209D
sc-507209E
50 mg
100 mg
250 mg
1 g
10 g
25 g
50 g
$149.00
$210.00
$714.00
$2550.00
$10750.00
$21410.00
$40290.00
5
(1)

Non-selective P2 receptor antagonist, inhibits P2RX3 among other subtypes, by blocking ATP binding.

KN-62

127191-97-3sc-3560
1 mg
$133.00
20
(2)

Blocks P2RX3 receptors as well as other P2X subtypes, inhibiting calcium influx.

NF449

627034-85-9sc-478179
sc-478179A
sc-478179B
10 mg
25 mg
100 mg
$199.00
$460.00
$1479.00
1
(0)

A potent P2RX1 antagonist with inhibitory effects on P2RX3, interferes with ATP binding.