Mtif3 Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of mitochondrial translation initiation factor (Mtif3) can impede the protein's function through various biochemical interactions that disrupt mitochondrial processes crucial for protein synthesis. Cyclosporin A, FK506, and Rapamycin, for instance, target calcineurin or the mTOR pathway, which are indirectly involved with mitochondrial function. Cyclosporin A acts by inhibiting the activity of calcineurin, a phosphatase necessary for dephosphorylating proteins that regulate mitochondrial functions, thereby affecting Mtif3's associated pathways. FK506 also inhibits calcineurin by forming a complex with FKBP12, a protein that interacts with calcineurin, leading to a downstream effect that can inhibit Mtif3. Rapamycin, another inhibitor, binds with FKBP12, and this complex can inhibit the mTORC1 complex, a regulator of cell growth and protein synthesis, indirectly affecting Mtif3's role in mitochondrial protein synthesis.
Other inhibitors like Oligomycin, Antimycin A, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, and Zidovudine operate by directly targeting mitochondrial components essential for energy production or protein synthesis, thereby indirectly affecting Mtif3 function. Oligomycin obstructs ATP synthase, reducing the energy available for mitochondrial protein synthesis where Mtif3 is vital. Antimycin A disrupts the electron transport chain, leading to decreased ATP production and increased reactive oxygen species, which can compromise mitochondrial integrity and function, thus inhibiting Mtif3. Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline, known for their antibiotic properties, bind to different subunits of the bacterial ribosome, which is structurally similar to the mitochondrial ribosome, consequently affecting Mtif3's role in mitochondrial translation. Zidovudine, a nucleoside analog, can be incorporated into mitochondrial DNA, potentially impacting the replication and transcription processes crucial for the functionality of Mtif3. Other compounds such as Doxorubicin, Actinonin, Emetine, and Venetoclax disrupt mitochondrial function through different mechanisms. Doxorubicin, by intercalating into mitochondrial DNA, can impair transcription of proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA, affecting Mtif3 function. Actinonin hinders peptide deformylase, an essential enzyme for mitochondrial protein maturation, consequently influencing Mtif3 activity. Emetine impedes the elongation step in protein synthesis on ribosomes, which includes mitochondrial ribosomes, thus indirectly inhibiting Mtif3. Lastly, Venetoclax induces apoptosis, which involves mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, affecting the overall mitochondrial function and indirectly inhibiting Mtif3's role in protein synthesis.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cyclosporin A | 59865-13-3 | sc-3503 sc-3503-CW sc-3503A sc-3503B sc-3503C sc-3503D | 100 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g 25 g 100 g | $62.00 $90.00 $299.00 $475.00 $1015.00 $2099.00 | 69 | |
Cyclosporin A is an immunosuppressant that can inhibit the activity of calcineurin. Since Mtif3 is involved in mitochondrial translation initiation, inhibition of calcineurin can disrupt signaling pathways that are crucial for the function of mitochondrial proteins, leading to the functional inhibition of Mtif3. | ||||||
FK-506 | 104987-11-3 | sc-24649 sc-24649A | 5 mg 10 mg | $76.00 $148.00 | 9 | |
FK506 binds to FKBP12, forming a complex that inhibits the phosphatase activity of calcineurin, thereby inhibiting T-cell activation. Calcineurin is involved in the dephosphorylation of various proteins critical for mitochondrial function, which can indirectly inhibit Mtif3 by disrupting its associated pathways. | ||||||
Rapamycin | 53123-88-9 | sc-3504 sc-3504A sc-3504B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg | $62.00 $155.00 $320.00 | 233 | |
Rapamycin forms a complex with FKBP12 which then binds to and inhibits the mTORC1 complex, a key regulator of protein synthesis and cell growth. Since Mtif3 is essential for mitochondrial protein synthesis, mTOR inhibition can result in decreased mitochondrial function and indirectly inhibit Mtif3. | ||||||
Oligomycin | 1404-19-9 | sc-203342 sc-203342C | 10 mg 1 g | $146.00 $12250.00 | 18 | |
Oligomycin binds to the O subunit of the F0 complex of ATP synthase, inhibiting mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Impairment of ATP synthesis can indirectly inhibit Mtif3 by limiting the energy supply required for its function in mitochondrial protein synthesis. | ||||||
Antimycin A | 1397-94-0 | sc-202467 sc-202467A sc-202467B sc-202467C | 5 mg 10 mg 1 g 3 g | $54.00 $62.00 $1642.00 $4600.00 | 51 | |
Antimycin A inhibits the complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This inhibition results in decreased ATP production and an increased production of reactive oxygen species, which can indirectly inhibit Mtif3 by disrupting mitochondrial integrity and function. | ||||||
Chloramphenicol | 56-75-7 | sc-3594 | 25 g | $53.00 | 10 | |
Chloramphenicol binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Although primarily targeting bacterial ribosomes, it can also affect mitochondrial ribosomes due to their bacterial ancestry, hence functionally inhibiting Mtif3's role in mitochondrial translation. | ||||||
Tetracycline | 60-54-8 | sc-205858 sc-205858A sc-205858B sc-205858C sc-205858D | 10 g 25 g 100 g 500 g 1 kg | $62.00 $92.00 $265.00 $409.00 $622.00 | 6 | |
Tetracycline binds to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. It can similarly bind to mitochondrial ribosomes, potentially inhibiting Mtif3 function by preventing mitochondrial protein synthesis, where Mtif3 plays a critical role. | ||||||
3′-Azido-3′-deoxythymidine | 30516-87-1 | sc-203319 | 10 mg | $60.00 | 2 | |
Zidovudine is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor that can incorporate into the growing DNA strand and terminate elongation. While its primary target is viral reverse transcriptase, it can also affect mitochondrial DNA polymerase, potentially inhibiting Mtif3 by compromising mitochondrial DNA replication and, consequently, protein synthesis. | ||||||
Doxorubicin | 23214-92-8 | sc-280681 sc-280681A | 1 mg 5 mg | $173.00 $418.00 | 43 | |
Doxorubicin intercalates into DNA and disrupts topoisomerase-II-mediated DNA repair. This DNA intercalation can also affect mitochondrial DNA, which could lead to the functional inhibition of Mtif3 by impairing the transcription of mitochondrial-encoded proteins. | ||||||
Actinonin | 13434-13-4 | sc-201289 sc-201289B | 5 mg 10 mg | $160.00 $319.00 | 3 | |
Actinonin is a peptide antibiotic that inhibits peptide deformylase, an enzyme involved in removing N-formyl groups from nascent peptides during protein synthesis. This inhibition can affect mitochondrial protein synthesis and functionally inhibit Mtif3, as deformylation is required for the maturation of mitochondrial-encoded proteins. | ||||||