gasdermin A2 Activators
Gasdermin A2 activators encompass a variety of chemical compounds that facilitate the functional activity of gasdermin A2 through different biochemical and cellular mechanisms. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), for example, is a compound known to increase cellular membrane permeability, thus enhancing the intracellular delivery of molecules that can directly activate gasdermin A2. This activation can lead to oligomerization and pore formation, which are key steps in the execution of pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death mediated by gasdermin A2. Likewise, nigericin, an ionophore that disrupts potassium ion gradients, can indirectly promote the activation of gasdermin A2 by triggering the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. This cascade results in the cleavage of gasdermin A2, enabling its pore-forming action and facilitating the inflammatory response. Similarly, Calcium ionophore A23187 raises intracellular calcium levels, which can stimulate the assembly and activation of the inflammasome, ultimately leading to gasdermin A2 activation.
Further contributing to the diversity of gasdermin A2 activators are compounds such as oligomycin, which inhibits ATP synthase, thereby reducing ATP levels and potentially activating inflammasomes. This can indirectly enhance the activation of gasdermin A2, promoting its role in pyroptosis. On the other hand, extracellular ATP itself serves as a signaling molecule that can bind to purinergic receptors and activate the inflammasome, resulting in the activation of gasdermin A2 and amplifying its pro-inflammatory functions. Ionomycin, another calcium ionophore, functions similarly to A23187 by increasing intracellular calcium levels and indirectly facilitating gasdermin A2 activation through inflammasome stimulation.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium chloride anhydrous | 10043-52-4 | sc-207392 sc-207392A | 100 g 500 g | $66.00 $262.00 | 1 | |
Calcium chloride elevates extracellular calcium, promoting its influx and activating calpain, a protease that can cleave gasdermin A2, leading to its activation and pore formation in the cell membrane. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that raises intracellular calcium levels. Higher calcium levels can trigger calpain activation, which can subsequently cleave gasdermin A2, facilitating its activation. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin inhibits the SERCA pump, causing an increase in cytosolic calcium and activating calpain, which may cleave gasdermin A2, resulting in its activation. | ||||||
PGE2 | 363-24-6 | sc-201225 sc-201225C sc-201225A sc-201225B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg | $57.00 $159.00 $275.00 $678.00 | 37 | |
Prostaglandin E2 elevates intracellular cAMP, potentially activating PKA. PKA may then phosphorylate proteins that regulate inflammasome activation, which can lead to the cleavage and activation of gasdermin A2 by caspase-1. | ||||||
Nigericin sodium salt | 28643-80-3 | sc-201518A sc-201518 sc-201518B sc-201518C sc-201518D | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 1 g 5 g | $46.00 $112.00 $240.00 $7079.00 $27417.00 | 9 | |
Nigericin acts as a potassium ionophore, disrupting potassium homeostasis and potentially leading to NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The activated inflammasome can trigger caspase-1 to cleave gasdermin A2, thus activating it. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $55.00 $131.00 $203.00 $317.00 | 23 | |
A23187, as a calcium ionophore, increases intracellular calcium concentration. Elevated calcium can activate calpain, which may cleave gasdermin A2, leading to its activation. | ||||||
Benzyl alcohol | 100-51-6 | sc-326216B sc-326216 sc-326216A | 250 ml 1 L 5 L | $32.00 $104.00 $416.00 | ||
Benzyl alcohol disrupts cellular membranes, increasing ion influx such as calcium, which can activate proteases like calpain, potentially leading to the cleavage and activation of gasdermin A2. | ||||||
Cytochalasin D | 22144-77-0 | sc-201442 sc-201442A | 1 mg 5 mg | $165.00 $486.00 | 64 | |
Cytochalasin D disrupts actin filaments, which may facilitate the gasdermin A2 pore formation in the membrane, indirectly enhancing its functional activity. | ||||||
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) | 67-68-5 | sc-202581 sc-202581A sc-202581B | 100 ml 500 ml 4 L | $31.00 $117.00 $918.00 | 136 | |
Dimethyl sulfoxide enhances cellular membrane permeability, facilitating ion influx that may lead to the activation of proteases capable of cleaving gasdermin A2. | ||||||
BAPTA/AM | 126150-97-8 | sc-202488 sc-202488A | 25 mg 100 mg | $138.00 $458.00 | 61 | |
BAPTA-AM is a calcium chelator that, paradoxically, can lead to compensatory calcium influx, potentially activating calpain and leading to the cleavage and activation of gasdermin A2. | ||||||