DPAGT1 Activators
DPAGT1, an acronym for Dolichyl-Phosphate N-Acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase 1, is an enzyme that plays a pivotal role in the N-linked glycosylation pathway, a process essential for the proper folding and function of many proteins. This enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide precursor, which is then transferred to nascent proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The activity of DPAGT1 is not only crucial for protein quality control but also for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Given its central role in protein maturation, cells have evolved mechanisms to upregulate DPAGT1 expression in response to various forms of cellular stress, particularly those that disrupt protein folding within the ER, a condition known as ER stress. The regulation of DPAGT1 is thus tightly linked to the unfolded protein response (UPR), a cellular stress response related to the ER.
Several chemical compounds have been identified that can induce the expression of DPAGT1. These activators often function by eliciting a stress response within the cell or by directly interfering with the glycosylation pathway, thereby triggering compensatory mechanisms to restore balance. For instance, molecules like tunicamycin, which directly inhibits the function of DPAGT1, can lead to an increase in the enzyme's expression as the cell attempts to bypass the blockage. Similarly, thapsigargin, which induces ER stress by disrupting calcium homeostasis, can result in the upregulation of DPAGT1 as part of the UPR. Other compounds, such as dexamethasone and 4-phenylbutyrate, may stimulate DPAGT1 expression through their roles in modulating cellular stress and protein folding pathways. These activators, while diverse in structure and primary function, share the common outcome of upregulating DPAGT1, highlighting the enzyme's importance in cellular adaptation to both internal and external perturbations.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin is a potent inducer of ER stress by blocking calcium pumps in the ER, which sequentially activates the unfolded protein response, often resulting in the upregulation of DPAGT1 to alleviate the stress. | ||||||
Dexamethasone | 50-02-2 | sc-29059 sc-29059B sc-29059A | 100 mg 1 g 5 g | $91.00 $139.00 $374.00 | 36 | |
As a glucocorticoid, Dexamethasone can stimulate DPAGT1 expression through a receptor-mediated mechanism that enhances the cell's ability to cope with increased demands on protein folding and ER-associated degradation. | ||||||
Sodium phenylbutyrate | 1716-12-7 | sc-200652 sc-200652A sc-200652B sc-200652C sc-200652D | 1 g 10 g 100 g 1 kg 10 kg | $77.00 $166.00 $622.00 $5004.00 $32783.00 | 43 | |
Sodium phenylbutyrate serves as a chemical chaperone, which can reduce protein misfolding and ER stress, leading to a subsequent increase in DPAGT1 expression to support enhanced protein folding capabilities. | ||||||
MG-132 [Z-Leu- Leu-Leu-CHO] | 133407-82-6 | sc-201270 sc-201270A sc-201270B | 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $60.00 $265.00 $1000.00 | 163 | |
MG132, by inhibiting the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, causes protein accumulation and ER stress, which can trigger an increase in DPAGT1 expression as part of the cellular response to restore homeostasis. | ||||||
Lithium | 7439-93-2 | sc-252954 | 50 g | $214.00 | ||
Lithium chloride can stimulate the Wnt signaling pathway, which is known to upregulate genes involved in glycosylation processes, including DPAGT1, to support cell growth and maintenance. | ||||||
Retinoic Acid, all trans | 302-79-4 | sc-200898 sc-200898A sc-200898B sc-200898C | 500 mg 5 g 10 g 100 g | $66.00 $325.00 $587.00 $1018.00 | 28 | |
Retinoic acid, through its interaction with retinoic acid receptors, can stimulate the transcription of genes involved in cell differentiation and protein processing, potentially including the upregulation of DPAGT1. | ||||||
β-Estradiol | 50-28-2 | sc-204431 sc-204431A | 500 mg 5 g | $63.00 $182.00 | 8 | |
β-Estradiol can stimulate the estrogen receptor signaling pathway, which may lead to the upregulation of DPAGT1 expression to promote efficient protein processing and maturation. | ||||||
Sodium Butyrate | 156-54-7 | sc-202341 sc-202341B sc-202341A sc-202341C | 250 mg 5 g 25 g 500 g | $31.00 $47.00 $84.00 $222.00 | 19 | |
Sodium butyrate, as a histone deacetylase inhibitor, can lead to the hyperacetylation of histones, thereby increasing the transcription of various genes, potentially stimulating the upregulation of DPAGT1. | ||||||
Mithramycin A | 18378-89-7 | sc-200909 | 1 mg | $55.00 | 6 | |
Mithramycin A, an Sp1 inhibitor, can disrupt normal transcription patterns, which may trigger a compensatory upregulation of DPAGT1 expression to sustain glycosylation processes. | ||||||
Salubrinal | 405060-95-9 | sc-202332 sc-202332A | 1 mg 5 mg | $34.00 $104.00 | 87 | |
Salubrinal targets eIF2α phosphatase, leading to the activation of the ER stress response, which often includes the upregulation of DPAGT1 to cope with the increased protein synthesis demands. | ||||||