Cdt2 Activators
Cdt2 is a pivotal protein that plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the cell cycle and ensuring genomic stability. As a core component of the Cullin-Ring E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4), Cdt2 targets specific proteins for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. This process is especially critical during the DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle and in response to DNA damage, as it ensures the proper replication of DNA and the preservation of genomic information. The degradation targets of Cdt2 include a variety of proteins that, if not controlled, could lead to genomic instability, such as the replication licensing factor Cdt1. By tightly regulating these proteins, Cdt2 facilitates accurate DNA replication and repair, thus serving as a guardian of the cell's genetic blueprint.
The expression and activity of Cdt2 can be influenced by a spectrum of chemical compounds, often referred to as Cdt2 activators. These compounds typically exert their effect by inducing cellular stress or DNA damage, which in turn signals the need to enhance the DNA repair mechanisms where Cdt2 is a key player. For instance, DNA-damaging agents such as cisplatin and bleomycin induce interstrand crosslinks and oxidative DNA damage, respectively, leading to the upregulation of Cdt2 as part of the DNA damage response. Similarly, replication stressors like hydroxyurea create an environment of nucleotide depletion, which can stimulate Cdt2 expression to prevent aberrant DNA replication. Other compounds, including topoisomerase inhibitors like etoposide and camptothecin, stabilize DNA-topoisomerase complexes, causing DNA breaks that could also heighten Cdt2 levels. Additionally, genotoxic agents like aflatoxin B1 form DNA adducts, prompting an increase in Cdt2 to facilitate genomic maintenance. These activators, among others, play a role in modulating the expression of Cdt2, which is crucial for the cell's ability to cope with various types of genomic insults and to uphold cellular homeostasis.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hydroxyurea | 127-07-1 | sc-29061 sc-29061A | 5 g 25 g | $76.00 $255.00 | 18 | |
Hydroxyurea impedes the action of ribonucleotide reductase, leading to a shortage of deoxyribonucleotides, which in turn causes replication stress that may stimulate the upregulation of Cdt2 to maintain DNA integrity. | ||||||
Cisplatin | 15663-27-1 | sc-200896 sc-200896A | 100 mg 500 mg | $76.00 $216.00 | 101 | |
Cisplatin induces interstrand DNA crosslinks, obstructing replication and transcription. This severe form of DNA damage is likely to upregulate Cdt2 as the cell attempts to navigate these obstacles. | ||||||
Doxorubicin | 23214-92-8 | sc-280681 sc-280681A | 1 mg 5 mg | $173.00 $418.00 | 43 | |
Doxorubicin intercalates within DNA, disrupting topoisomerase II's normal cleavage and relegation of DNA strands. The consequent DNA damage is a potent stimulus for the upregulation of Cdt2. | ||||||
Etoposide (VP-16) | 33419-42-0 | sc-3512B sc-3512 sc-3512A | 10 mg 100 mg 500 mg | $32.00 $170.00 $385.00 | 63 | |
Etoposide stabilizes the DNA-topoisomerase II complex after it has broken the DNA strand, preventing the ligation of these breaks and potentially leading to increased expression of Cdt2 as part of the DNA damage response. | ||||||
Fluorouracil | 51-21-8 | sc-29060 sc-29060A | 1 g 5 g | $36.00 $149.00 | 11 | |
As a nucleotide analog, Fluorouracil misincorporates into DNA/RNA, hampering normal DNA replication and RNA processing, which may trigger an increase in Cdt2 expression to counteract the replication stress. | ||||||
Methotrexate | 59-05-2 | sc-3507 sc-3507A | 100 mg 500 mg | $92.00 $209.00 | 33 | |
Methotrexate competitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, leading to a depletion of thymidylate and purine nucleotides, which can stimulate a checkpoint response that includes the upregulation of Cdt2. | ||||||
Camptothecin | 7689-03-4 | sc-200871 sc-200871A sc-200871B | 50 mg 250 mg 100 mg | $57.00 $182.00 $92.00 | 21 | |
By inhibiting the religation activity of DNA topoisomerase I, camptothecin induces single-strand DNA breaks. Cells may respond to this damage by upregulating Cdt2 to degrade proteins that could interfere with the DNA repair process. | ||||||
Bleomycin | 11056-06-7 | sc-507293 | 5 mg | $270.00 | 5 | |
Bleomycin generates free radicals upon chelation with metal ions, causing both single and double-strand DNA breaks. The cellular response to this assault often includes the induction of Cdt2 to facilitate DNA repair mechanisms. | ||||||
Mitomycin C | 50-07-7 | sc-3514A sc-3514 sc-3514B | 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg | $65.00 $99.00 $140.00 | 85 | |
Mitomycin C forms crosslinks within and between DNA strands, inhibiting DNA synthesis and function. The resulting DNA damage response likely includes the induction of Cdt2 as part of a coordinated response to mitigate genotoxic stress. | ||||||
Arsenic(III) oxide | 1327-53-3 | sc-210837 sc-210837A | 250 g 1 kg | $87.00 $224.00 | ||
Arsenic trioxide generates oxidative stress and disrupts cellular processes, leading to DNA damage. The upregulation of Cdt2 may be part of the cellular attempt to restore homeostasis and repair damaged DNA. | ||||||