CDP2 Activators
Chemical activators of CDP2 are diverse and influence this protein's activity through various signaling pathways. Forskolin, through its direct activation of adenylate cyclase, increases cAMP levels within the cell. This surge in cAMP leads to the activation of protein kinase A, which in turn phosphorylates CDP2, thereby enhancing its DNA-binding activity. This phosphorylation directly influences CDP2's role in the regulation of cell cycle progression and DNA repair. Similarly, Ionomycin increases intracellular calcium levels, which then activate calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases. These kinases are capable of phosphorylating CDP2, thus modulating its role in cellular processes such as gene expression regulation and chromatin remodeling. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activates protein kinase C, which may target CDP2 for phosphorylation, consequently modifying its function in transcriptional regulation and potentially affecting cell cycle and differentiation pathways.
Other chemical activators work by inhibiting the dephosphorylation of proteins. Calyculin A and Okadaic Acid, both inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, prevent the dephosphorylation of proteins, which may lead to a sustained activation state of CDP2 if it is normally regulated by phosphorylation. The elevation of CDP2's phosphorylation state would thereby maintain its activity in transcriptional regulation and other cellular functions. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) serves as a substrate for the production of second messengers involved in the activation of PKC, which may also phosphorylate CDP2, affecting its role in gene expression linked to cellular growth and differentiation. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) activates G-protein-coupled receptors that can lead to PKC activation. Brefeldin A disrupts protein transport, potentially activating stress responses that may include kinases capable of phosphorylating CDP2. Diacylglycerol (DAG) directly activates PKC and, by extension, may also modulate CDP2 activity. Lastly, Anisomycin, by activating JNK, can lead to the phosphorylation of CDP2, affecting its regulatory functions within the cell.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly activates adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in intracellular cAMP levels. Elevated cAMP activates PKA (protein kinase A), which can phosphorylate and therefore activate CDP2 by enhancing its DNA-binding activity, specifically influencing its role in cell cycle progression and DNA repair mechanisms. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin acts as an ionophore for calcium, increasing intracellular calcium levels. This can activate calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, which are known to phosphorylate various proteins. An increase in these kinases can lead to the phosphorylation and activation of CDP2, facilitating its role in cellular processes such as gene expression regulation and chromatin remodeling. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a known activator of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC phosphorylates a multitude of proteins, and if CDP2 is a substrate for PKC, phosphorylation by PKC can activate CDP2, thus enhancing its function in transcriptional regulation and potentially affecting cell cycle and differentiation pathways. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A sc-24000B sc-24000C | 10 µg 100 µg 500 µg 1 mg | $160.00 $750.00 $1400.00 $3000.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. By inhibiting these phosphatases, Calyculin A prevents the dephosphorylation of proteins, potentially leading to a sustained activation state of CDP2 if it is normally regulated by phosphorylation. This would enhance CDP2's activity in transcriptional regulation and other cellular functions it is involved in. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Similar to Calyculin A, Okadaic Acid also inhibits protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A. Inhibition of these enzymes can result in increased phosphorylation levels of many proteins. If CDP2 is among the proteins affected, this would result in its sustained activation, influencing its role in transcriptional regulation. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $162.00 $316.00 $559.00 $889.00 $1693.00 | 7 | |
S1P binds to and activates its specific G-protein-coupled receptors, which can lead to downstream activation of kinases such as PKC. If CDP2 is a substrate for such kinases, this would result in its phosphorylation and subsequent activation, affecting its regulatory role in transcriptional processes and chromatin structure modifications. | ||||||
Fumonisin B1 | 116355-83-0 | sc-201395 sc-201395A | 1 mg 5 mg | $117.00 $469.00 | 18 | |
Fumonisin B1 inhibits the enzyme sphingosine kinase, leading to changes in the levels of sphingolipids which can activate various protein kinases. If these kinases target CDP2, the result can be the activation of CDP2 and an enhancement of its role in transcriptional control and other cellular processes. | ||||||
Brefeldin A | 20350-15-6 | sc-200861C sc-200861 sc-200861A sc-200861B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $30.00 $52.00 $122.00 $367.00 | 25 | |
Brefeldin A disrupts protein transport by inhibiting the exchange of GDP for GTP on ARF proteins, affecting vesicle formation. This disruption can lead to stress responses that activate various signaling pathways, including kinases that may phosphorylate and activate CDP2, thus impacting its function in cellular regulation. | ||||||
1,2-Dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol | 60514-48-9 | sc-202397 sc-202397A | 10 mg 50 mg | $46.00 $249.00 | 2 | |
DAG is a secondary messenger that directly activates PKC. If CDP2 is a substrate for PKC, then DAG can lead to the phosphorylation and activation of CDP2, playing a role in its participation in transcriptional regulation and potentially influencing cell differentiation and proliferation processes. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $254.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is known to activate stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) like JNK. If CDP2 is a substrate for these kinases, then its phosphorylation through the activation of SAPKs by Anisomycin can lead to functional activation of CDP2 | ||||||