β3Gn-T3 Activators
Chemical activators of β3Gn-T3 employ diverse mechanisms to enhance the enzyme's activity. Forskolin and cholera toxin both function by increasing intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels, albeit through different pathways. Forskolin directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, leading to an immediate rise in cAMP, which in turn activates β3Gn-T3 by promoting its glycosylation process. Cholera toxin, on the other hand, permanently activates the Gs alpha protein, which maintains a prolonged production of cAMP, thereby facilitating the activation of β3Gn-T3 over an extended period. Similarly, IBMX, zaprinast, and rolipram raise cAMP levels by inhibiting phosphodiesterases, enzymes responsible for cAMP degradation, thus stabilizing the activation state of β3Gn-T3. Dibutyryl-cAMP bypasses upstream signaling and directly supplies cells with a cAMP analog, leading to sustained β3Gn-T3 activation.
Manganese (II) chloride (MnCl2) supports β3Gn-T3 activity by serving as an essential cofactor, thus enhancing the enzyme's catalytic prowess. In parallel, sodium orthovanadate inhibits phosphatases, which leads to an accumulation of phosphorylated proteins, a state that can activate β3Gn-T3 by augmenting its enzymatic activity. Similarly, anisomycin triggers activation pathways, such as the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) and p38 MAPK pathways, which can indirectly activate β3Gn-T3. PUGNAc inhibits O-GlcNAcase, causing an increase in O-GlcNAc levels, which may activate β3Gn-T3 by promoting necessary protein-protein interactions. Calcium ionophores such as A23187 and thapsigargin modulate intracellular calcium levels, with A23187 increasing calcium directly and thapsigargin inhibiting the SERCA pump, both resulting in conditions that favor β3Gn-T3 activation through calcium-dependent signaling mechanisms.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly activates adenylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. Elevated cAMP enhances the activity of glycosyltransferases including β3Gn-T3 by promoting the glycosylation process. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $159.00 $315.00 $598.00 | 34 | |
IBMX inhibits phosphodiesterases, which prevents the breakdown of cAMP. Higher intracellular cAMP levels can enhance β3Gn-T3 activity by stimulating the glycosylation process in which β3Gn-T3 is involved. | ||||||
Manganese(II) chloride beads | 7773-01-5 | sc-252989 sc-252989A | 100 g 500 g | $19.00 $30.00 | ||
Manganese (II) chloride is a cofactor that is required for the optimal activity of many enzymes, including glycosyltransferases like β3Gn-T3. It can activate β3Gn-T3 by enhancing the enzyme's catalytic function. | ||||||
(Z)-Pugnac | 132489-69-1 | sc-204415A sc-204415 | 5 mg 10 mg | $220.00 $373.00 | 3 | |
PUGNAc inhibits O-GlcNAcase, which can lead to an increase in O-GlcNAc levels. Elevated levels of O-GlcNAcylation can indirectly activate β3Gn-T3 by promoting protein-protein interactions necessary for its function. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $254.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin activates the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) and p38 MAPK pathways, which can lead to the activation of various cellular processes, including those that involve β3Gn-T3 function in glycosylation. | ||||||
Sodium Orthovanadate | 13721-39-6 | sc-3540 sc-3540B sc-3540A | 5 g 10 g 50 g | $45.00 $56.00 $183.00 | 142 | |
Sodium orthovanadate acts as a phosphatase inhibitor, which can lead to increased phosphorylation levels of proteins within the cell. Phosphorylated states of proteins can activate β3Gn-T3 by enhancing its enzymatic activity. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $54.00 $128.00 $199.00 $311.00 | 23 | |
A23187 is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium levels. Elevated calcium can activate β3Gn-T3 by affecting calcium-dependent signaling pathways that control the activity of glycosyltransferases. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin inhibits the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), leading to increased cytosolic calcium concentrations. Elevated calcium levels activate β3Gn-T3 by promoting its activity in glycosylation processes. | ||||||
Adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate | 60-92-4 | sc-217584 sc-217584A sc-217584B sc-217584C sc-217584D sc-217584E | 100 mg 250 mg 5 g 10 g 25 g 50 g | $114.00 $175.00 $260.00 $362.00 $617.00 $1127.00 | ||
Dibutyryl-cAMP is a cAMP analog that activates cAMP-dependent pathways. By bypassing the adenylyl cyclase activity, it directly raises cAMP levels, which can activate β3Gn-T3 by enhancing its role in glycosylation. | ||||||
Zaprinast (M&B 22948) | 37762-06-4 | sc-201206 sc-201206A | 25 mg 100 mg | $103.00 $245.00 | 8 | |
Zaprinast selectively inhibits phosphodiesterases, particularly PDE5, resulting in elevated cAMP levels. The increase in cAMP activates β3Gn-T3 by stimulating the glycosyltransferase activities it is involved in. | ||||||