Atg9b Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of Atg9b target various stages of the autophagy pathway to impede its function. 3-Methyladenine and Wortmannin are both inhibitors of Class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), an enzyme integral to the initiation of autophagy. These inhibitors prevent the formation of autophagosomes, thereby inhibiting the incorporation of Atg9b into the autophagosomal membrane. Similarly, LY294002, another PI3K inhibitor, hinders the vesicle nucleation process, which is a prerequisite for Atg9b activity. SAR405 and PIK-III, which specifically target the Vps34 complex and Vps34 PI3K respectively, critically affect the autophagic vesicle nucleation, leading to a functional inhibition of Atg9b. Spautin-1 indirectly inhibits Atg9b by promoting the degradation of PI3K and disrupting the autophagy pathway, thereby affecting Atg9b's role in autophagosome formation.
Furthermore, Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine both raise lysosomal pH, which disrupts autophagosome degradation, a process in which Atg9b is involved. This alteration in pH indirectly inhibits the function of Atg9b by interfering with the maturation of autophagosomes. Bafilomycin A1 and Concanamycin A, both V-ATPase inhibitors, prevent the acidification of lysosomes, crucial for autophagosome-lysosome fusion, indirectly inhibiting Atg9b by disrupting the autophagic flux. Torin 1 and Ku-0063794, as mTOR inhibitors, induce autophagy initially; however, with prolonged exposure, they inhibit autophagosome maturation. This disruption to the normal autophagy process serves to functionally inhibit Atg9b by interfering with its role in autophagosome maturation, demonstrating how the modulation of upstream autophagic signals and cellular conditions can lead to the functional inhibition of Atg9b.
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Items 1 to 10 of 11 total
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Autophagy Inhibitor, 3-MA | 5142-23-4 | sc-205596 sc-205596A | 50 mg 500 mg | $65.00 $261.00 | 113 | |
Inhibits Class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K), which are involved in autophagy initiation. By inhibiting PI3K, 3-Methyladenine can prevent the formation of autophagosomes, thereby functionally inhibiting Atg9b by preventing its incorporation into the autophagosomal membrane. | ||||||
SAR405 | 1523406-39-4 | sc-507416 | 1 mg | $125.00 | ||
A PI3K inhibitor that specifically targets the Vps34 complex, which is essential for autophagy. By inhibiting this complex, SAR405 would prevent the autophagic vesicle nucleation, thereby inhibiting the function of Atg9b. | ||||||
Wortmannin | 19545-26-7 | sc-3505 sc-3505A sc-3505B | 1 mg 5 mg 20 mg | $67.00 $223.00 $425.00 | 97 | |
A potent inhibitor of PI3K which disrupts autophagy at an early stage. Wortmannin's inhibition of PI3K would block the autophagic process, indirectly inhibiting Atg9b by preventing its trafficking to autophagosome formation sites. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $123.00 $400.00 | 148 | |
Another PI3K inhibitor that prevents the initiation of autophagy. By doing so, LY294002 can inhibit Atg9b function by hindering the vesicle nucleation process that is necessary for Atg9b activity. | ||||||
hydroxychloroquine | 118-42-3 | sc-507426 | 5 g | $57.00 | 1 | |
Lysosomotropic agent that increases lysosomal pH, affecting autophagosome-lysosome fusion. By altering the end stages of autophagy, Hydroxychloroquine indirectly inhibits Atg9b's role in autophagosome maturation. | ||||||
Chloroquine | 54-05-7 | sc-507304 | 250 mg | $69.00 | 2 | |
Similar to Hydroxychloroquine, Chloroquine raises lysosomal pH and disrupts autophagosome degradation. This can lead to a functional inhibition of Atg9b by preventing the final steps of the autophagic process where Atg9b is involved. | ||||||
Bafilomycin A1 | 88899-55-2 | sc-201550 sc-201550A sc-201550B sc-201550C | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg | $98.00 $255.00 $765.00 $1457.00 | 280 | |
Specifically inhibits V-ATPase, preventing the acidification of lysosomes and autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Bafilomycin A1's action results in an indirect inhibition of Atg9b by disrupting the autophagic flux where Atg9b functions. | ||||||
Concanamycin A | 80890-47-7 | sc-202111 sc-202111A sc-202111B sc-202111C | 50 µg 200 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $66.00 $167.00 $673.00 $2601.00 | 109 | |
A V-ATPase inhibitor like Bafilomycin A1, leading to inhibition of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Thus, Concanamycin A could functionally inhibit Atg9b by blocking the autophagic process it facilitates. | ||||||
PIK-III | 1383716-40-2 | sc-507530 | 5 mg | $170.00 | ||
A selective inhibitor of Vps34 PI3K, crucial for autophagy. By inhibiting Vps34 PI3K, PIK-III can functionally inhibit Atg9b by disrupting the initiation of autophagy, preventing the formation of autophagosomes where Atg9b is required. | ||||||
Torin 1 | 1222998-36-8 | sc-396760 | 10 mg | $245.00 | 7 | |
An mTOR inhibitor that, when mTOR is inhibited, autophagy is induced; however, in prolonged exposures, it can lead to the inhibition of autophagosome maturation. This paradoxical effect can functionally inhibit Atg9b by disrupting the normal autophagy process. | ||||||