WFDC16 Activators
Chemical activators of WFDC16 engage various molecular pathways to modulate the activity of this protein. Forskolin acts by directly stimulating adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. This rise in cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which can then phosphorylate WFDC16, altering its activity. Similarly, Dibutyryl cAMP, a synthetic cAMP analog, permeates cellular membranes and activates PKA, setting off a cascade that can result in WFDC16 phosphorylation and activation. Ionomycin, by serving as an ionophore, increases intracellular calcium levels, which triggers calcium-dependent kinases capable of phosphorylating WFDC16. Calcium chloride also raises intracellular calcium concentrations, potentially leading to the activation of calmodulin-dependent kinases that can target WFDC16.
Further, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activates protein kinase C (PKC), which phosphorylates a broad range of proteins, including possibly WFDC16. Zinc acetate could influence WFDC16 by stabilizing its structure or activating it if it possesses zinc-binding domains. In contrast, Magnesium chloride enhances the activity of various enzymes, including kinases, which might be essential for the phosphorylation and subsequent activation of WFDC16. Hydrogen peroxide acts as a reactive oxygen species that can initiate signaling pathways leading to the phosphorylation of WFDC16, while Sodium fluoride and Okadaic acid, both phosphatase inhibitors, prevent the dephosphorylation of proteins, potentially maintaining WFDC16 in an active state. Anisomycin activates stress-activated protein kinases that can phosphorylate WFDC16 as part of the response to cellular stressors. Lastly, Thapsigargin disrupts calcium homeostasis by inhibiting the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), resulting in an increased cytosolic calcium level that can activate pathways leading to the phosphorylation of WFDC16.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels in cells. Elevated cAMP activates PKA, which can lead to the phosphorylation and activation of WFDC16 as part of downstream signaling cascades. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin acts as an ionophore and specifically increases intracellular calcium concentrations. The increase in calcium can activate calcium-dependent kinases, which may phosphorylate and functionally activate WFDC16. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC), which is known to phosphorylate a broad array of substrates, potentially including WFDC16, resulting in its activation. | ||||||
Hydrogen Peroxide | 7722-84-1 | sc-203336 sc-203336A sc-203336B | 100 ml 500 ml 3.8 L | $30.00 $60.00 $93.00 | 27 | |
Hydrogen peroxide serves as a reactive oxygen species that can activate various cellular kinases through oxidative signaling pathways, which could lead to the phosphorylation and activation of WFDC16. | ||||||
Zinc | 7440-66-6 | sc-213177 | 100 g | $47.00 | ||
Zinc acetate can stabilize protein structures and may activate metalloproteins or proteins with zinc finger motifs. If WFDC16 has such structural domains, zinc binding could induce conformational changes leading to its functional activation. | ||||||
Magnesium chloride | 7786-30-3 | sc-255260C sc-255260B sc-255260 sc-255260A | 10 g 25 g 100 g 500 g | $27.00 $34.00 $47.00 $123.00 | 2 | |
Magnesium chloride can enhance the activity of enzymes, including kinases and phosphatases. The presence of magnesium ions might be critical for the activation of kinase enzymes that could phosphorylate and activate WFDC16. | ||||||
Calcium chloride anhydrous | 10043-52-4 | sc-207392 sc-207392A | 100 g 500 g | $65.00 $262.00 | 1 | |
Calcium chloride increases intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calmodulin-dependent kinases. These kinases, in turn, may phosphorylate and activate WFDC16. | ||||||
Sodium Fluoride | 7681-49-4 | sc-24988A sc-24988 sc-24988B | 5 g 100 g 500 g | $39.00 $45.00 $98.00 | 26 | |
Sodium fluoride acts as a phosphatase inhibitor, leading to an increased phosphorylated state of proteins. By inhibiting the dephosphorylation, it could contribute to the maintenance or enhancement of WFDC16 activation. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is a potent phosphatase inhibitor that can lead to persistent phosphorylation of proteins. This sustained phosphorylation state can lead to the activation of proteins like WFDC16. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $254.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is known to activate stress-activated protein kinases, which could phosphorylate WFDC16, leading to its activation as part of the cellular response to stress. | ||||||