Veli1 Activators
Veli1 Activators encompass a spectrum of chemical compounds designed to enhance Veli1's functional role in synaptic signaling and plasticity. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and 4-Phorbol, by activating protein kinase C (PKC), lead to phosphorylation of proteins in synaptic pathways, thus facilitating Veli1's role in synaptic assembly and the maintenance of synaptic structure. Forskolin and Isoproterenol, through their beta-adrenergic receptor agonist activity, increase intracellular cAMP, subsequently activating PKA. PKA phosphorylates proteins involved in synaptic transmission, thereby enhancing Veli1's participation in these pathways. The action of N6,2'-O-Dibutyryladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (db-cAMP) and 8-Bromo-cAMP similarly elevates PKA activity, which can phosphorylate synaptic proteins and amplify Veli1's activity within synaptic plasticity.
Moreover, Ionomycin, by forming complexes with calcium ions, leads to a rise in intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), a kinase intricately involved in synaptic plasticity where Veli1 is also active. Brefeldin A disrupts Golgi apparatus function, which can lead to enhanced activity of Veli1 by altering trafficking and localization of synaptic proteins. (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhibits protein kinases broadly, potentially reducing inhibitory phosphorylation within cells and thus indirectly promoting Veli1's synaptic functions. Rolipram, by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), prevents cAMP breakdown and thus enhances PKA signaling, contributing to the phosphorylation of proteins that regulate synaptic plasticity where Veli1 is essential. Anisomycin activates stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) which may lead to the enhancement of Veli1's regulation of synaptic strength.
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Items 1 to 10 of 11 total
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA acts as a potent protein kinase C (PKC) activator, which in turn can phosphorylate a variety of protein substrates including Veli1. PKC-mediated phosphorylation is known to regulate synaptic localization and function, which is a role that Veli1 has been implicated in. Thus, PMA indirectly enhances Veli1's activity in synaptic assembly and maintenance. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly stimulates adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in cAMP levels, which activates PKA. PKA can phosphorylate proteins involved in synaptic plasticity where Veli1 has a functional role, enhancing the activity of Veli1 in these processes. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin increases intracellular calcium levels by forming complexes with calcium ions. Elevated calcium can activate calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), which is implicated in synaptic plasticity, a process where Veli1 is also involved, thus enhancing its activity. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $45.00 $130.00 $480.00 $4450.00 | 74 | |
db-cAMP is a cell-permeable analog of cAMP that activates PKA. PKA phosphorylates proteins in the synaptic machinery, thereby enhancing the activity of Veli1 in synaptic stabilization and signaling. | ||||||
Brefeldin A | 20350-15-6 | sc-200861C sc-200861 sc-200861A sc-200861B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $30.00 $52.00 $122.00 $367.00 | 25 | |
Brefeldin A disrupts the Golgi apparatus, which can alter trafficking and membrane localization of synaptic proteins. This disruption can lead to compensatory mechanisms that enhance the activity of Veli1 in synaptic vesicle cycling and neurotransmitter release. | ||||||
Isoproterenol Hydrochloride | 51-30-9 | sc-202188 sc-202188A | 100 mg 500 mg | $27.00 $37.00 | 5 | |
Isoproterenol is a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist that increases intracellular levels of cAMP, leading to PKA activation. PKA then phosphorylates proteins at the synapse, thereby potentially enhancing the activity of Veli1 in synaptic modulation. | ||||||
8-Bromo-cAMP | 76939-46-3 | sc-201564 sc-201564A | 10 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $224.00 | 30 | |
8-Bromo-cAMP is a cAMP analog that activates PKA. Activation of PKA can lead to phosphorylation of proteins involved in synaptic transmission, thus potentially enhancing the synaptic functions of Veli1. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $42.00 $72.00 $124.00 $238.00 $520.00 $1234.00 | 11 | |
EGCG can inhibit various protein kinases, which may reduce inhibitory phosphorylation events within the cell. This could lead to an enhanced activity of Veli1 through a shift in the balance of phosphorylation, favoring synaptic assembly and plasticity processes it is involved in. | ||||||
Rolipram | 61413-54-5 | sc-3563 sc-3563A | 5 mg 50 mg | $75.00 $212.00 | 18 | |
Rolipram inhibits phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), preventing cAMP breakdown, which leads to PKA activation. PKA phosphorylates proteins that regulate synaptic plasticity, where Veli1 is also active, enhancing its functional role in this process. | ||||||
Phorbol | 17673-25-5 | sc-253267 | 5 mg | $270.00 | 1 | |
4-Phorbol activates PKC, similarly to PMA, and can phosphorylate proteins involved in synaptic transmission. This phosphorylation is presumed to enhance the activity of Veli1 within the synaptic signaling pathways. | ||||||