TMEM56 Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of TMEM56 can interrupt its functional activity through various mechanisms that target cellular signaling pathways and structural components essential for its role in vesicular and membrane trafficking. Wortmannin and LY294002 operate by impeding the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) pathway, which is integral to a multitude of cellular functions, including those associated with TMEM56. By inhibiting PI3K, these chemicals disrupt downstream signaling events that are crucial for TMEM56 to carry out its role effectively within the cell. Similarly, Gö6976 acts on a different node in cellular signaling by blocking protein kinase C, which is another pathway that TMEM56 may rely on for its functional activity. By preventing the activation of protein kinase C, Gö6976 can interfere with any processes that TMEM56 governs that are dependent on this kinase's activity.
On the structural level, several chemicals target the cytoskeleton, which is vital for the trafficking mechanisms in which TMEM56 is implicated. Paclitaxel and Vinblastine directly affect microtubules; Paclitaxel stabilizes them, while Vinblastine prevents their assembly. Both actions result in the disruption of microtubule dynamics, which can inhibit TMEM56's associated functions. Colchicine and Nocodazole also disrupt microtubule function, but through inhibiting their polymerization and depolymerizing them, respectively, leading to further inhibition of TMEM56's role in cellular transport. Cytochalasin D contributes to this disruption by inhibiting actin polymerization, affecting another major component of the cytoskeleton critical for cellular processes involving TMEM56. Additionally, Brefeldin A and Monensin interfere with the trafficking pathways by inhibiting protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and disrupting ion gradients across membranes, respectively. Dynasore complements these effects by blocking dynamin, essential for endocytosis and vesicular trafficking, further hindering TMEM56's functional activity. Lastly, Okadaic Acid's role in altering the phosphorylation state of proteins can have a cascade effect that may extend to affect TMEM56's functional activity within its associated signaling pathways.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wortmannin | 19545-26-7 | sc-3505 sc-3505A sc-3505B | 1 mg 5 mg 20 mg | $66.00 $219.00 $417.00 | 97 | |
Wortmannin is a potent inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks). Since TMEM56 is involved in cellular processes that can be regulated by PI3K signaling, inhibiting PI3K can indirectly inhibit the functional activity of TMEM56. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $121.00 $392.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is another PI3K inhibitor that can disrupt downstream signaling pathways. By impeding PI3K signaling, LY294002 can indirectly inhibit cellular processes that TMEM56 is known to participate in, leading to a functional inhibition of TMEM56. | ||||||
Taxol | 33069-62-4 | sc-201439D sc-201439 sc-201439A sc-201439E sc-201439B sc-201439C | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg 250 mg 1 g | $40.00 $73.00 $217.00 $242.00 $724.00 $1196.00 | 39 | |
Paclitaxel stabilizes microtubules and prevents their disassembly. TMEM56 is associated with vesicular and membrane trafficking that relies on the cytoskeletal network; stabilization of microtubules can impede these processes, thus inhibiting TMEM56. | ||||||
Colchicine | 64-86-8 | sc-203005 sc-203005A sc-203005B sc-203005C sc-203005D sc-203005E | 1 g 5 g 50 g 100 g 500 g 1 kg | $98.00 $315.00 $2244.00 $4396.00 $17850.00 $34068.00 | 3 | |
Colchicine binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization. Since TMEM56 is involved in cellular trafficking, disrupting microtubules would impede vesicular transport processes, functionally inhibiting TMEM56. | ||||||
Monensin A | 17090-79-8 | sc-362032 sc-362032A | 5 mg 25 mg | $152.00 $515.00 | ||
Monensin is an ionophore that disrupts ion gradients across membranes. As TMEM56 is involved in vesicular transport and membrane dynamics, altering ion gradients can inhibit the protein's ability to function properly within these pathways. | ||||||
Brefeldin A | 20350-15-6 | sc-200861C sc-200861 sc-200861A sc-200861B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $30.00 $52.00 $122.00 $367.00 | 25 | |
Brefeldin A inhibits protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. As TMEM56 is involved in trafficking, inhibition of this transport pathway can subsequently inhibit the functional activity of TMEM56. | ||||||
Dynamin Inhibitor I, Dynasore | 304448-55-3 | sc-202592 | 10 mg | $87.00 | 44 | |
Dynasore is a dynamin inhibitor which blocks endocytosis and vesicular trafficking. TMEM56's role in these processes would be functionally inhibited by the reduction in vesicular trafficking due to dynamin inhibition. | ||||||
Cytochalasin D | 22144-77-0 | sc-201442 sc-201442A | 1 mg 5 mg | $145.00 $442.00 | 64 | |
Cytochalasin D inhibits actin polymerization, affecting cytoskeletal structure and function. Since TMEM56 is associated with cellular processes dependent on the cytoskeleton, this can lead to functional inhibition of TMEM56. | ||||||
Nocodazole | 31430-18-9 | sc-3518B sc-3518 sc-3518C sc-3518A | 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 50 mg | $58.00 $83.00 $140.00 $242.00 | 38 | |
Nocodazole is a microtubule-depolymerizing agent, which can disrupt cellular transport processes. As TMEM56 is involved in these processes, the inhibition of microtubule dynamics can lead to functional inhibition of TMEM56. | ||||||
Vinblastine | 865-21-4 | sc-491749 sc-491749A sc-491749B sc-491749C sc-491749D | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g | $100.00 $230.00 $450.00 $1715.00 $2900.00 | 4 | |
Vinblastine binds to tubulin, inhibiting microtubule formation. As TMEM56 is involved in vesicular transport that relies on microtubules, its function can be inhibited due to the disruption of microtubule assembly. | ||||||