TMEM110 Activators

Chemical class TMEM110 Activators refers to a group of compounds that indirectly influence the functionality of TMEM110, a regulatory component of the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) pathway. These activators do not directly bind or modify TMEM110 but act by modulating the intracellular processes that lead to the activation of SOCE, in which TMEM110 has been implicated to play a facilitating role. By altering the concentration of intracellular calcium through various means, such as depletion of calcium stores or modulation of calcium channels, these activators can indirectly lead to an increased SOCE. This, in turn, would necessitate the regulatory actions of TMEM110, which is thought to modulate the interaction between stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and ORAI1, the key components of SOCE.

The indirect activators can be calcium chelators, SERCA pump inhibitors, modulators of calcium channels, or other compounds affecting calcium signaling, each of which initiates a cascade of cellular events culminating in the activation of SOCE. For example, BAPTA-AM and thapsigargin reduce the calcium concentration within the endoplasmic reticulum, thereby triggering a cellular response to restore calcium levels by activating SOCE. Other molecules like 2-APB and ionomycin act more broadly on calcium channels or directly increase intracellular calcium levels, which could enhance the functional demand on TMEM110 in its role as a SOCE regulator.