STK16 Activators
STK16, also known as serine/threonine kinase 16, is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family of enzymes that phosphorylate specific serine or threonine residues in protein substrates, thereby modulating their activity. This particular kinase is understood to have a role in various cellular processes including vesicle trafficking, cytokinesis, and possibly in the regulation of other kinases. STK16 activators would thus be a diverse group of chemicals that enhance the kinase activity of STK16, either by increasing its catalytic efficiency or by elevating its expression levels within cells.
Direct activators of STK16 can interact with the kinase domain of the protein, possibly affecting its ATP binding affinity or its substrate recognition. Such activators can bind to the active site of STK16 or to an allosteric site, inducing a conformational change that promotes the kinase's enzymatic activity. This may result in a more favorable orientation of ATP and the substrate, or it might relieve inhibitory constraints on the kinase domain. Alternatively, some activators might mimic the effects of post-translational modifications that are known to regulate kinase activity, such as phosphorylation, by inducing similar conformational changes that activate the enzyme. Indirect activators of STK16 may work through various mechanisms, such as upregulation of gene expression, increasing mRNA stability, or enhancing protein translation. These activators might include small molecules that influence cellular signaling pathways, leading to the activation of transcription factors that specifically increase the transcription of the STK16 gene. Others might inhibit phosphatases that dephosphorylate STK16, thereby maintaining the kinase in an active state. Additionally, compounds that prevent proteasomal degradation of STK16 would raise the steady-state levels of the kinase, indirectly enhancing its activity.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, which increases intracellular cAMP levels. Elevated cAMP activates PKA, which can phosphorylate various substrates including kinase-specific substrates that could enhance STK16 kinase activity by priming its substrate recognition or altering its localization within the cell. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a potent PKC activator, which can modulate the phosphorylation status of multiple proteins within the cell. Activation of PKC can lead to downstream signaling events that may increase STK16 activity through cross-talk between PKC-mediated pathways and STK16's kinase activity, particularly in cellular processes such as vesicle trafficking where STK16 is known to be involved. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $260.00 $350.00 $500.00 | 34 | |
IBMX is a nonspecific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, leading to an increase in intracellular cAMP by preventing its breakdown. The resultant activation of PKA could potentially phosphorylate proteins in the vicinity of STK16, thereby enhancing its kinase activity through conformational changes or recruitment to specific cellular locations where it is active. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $291.00 $530.00 $1800.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A. Inhibition of these phosphatases can lead to increased phosphorylation levels of proteins within the cell, potentially including substrates or regulators of STK16 that, when phosphorylated, enhance STK16's kinase activity. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $99.00 $259.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and activates MAPK pathways through a stress response. The activation of stress-related MAPK pathways could lead to the phosphorylation of proteins that interact with or regulate STK16, enhancing its kinase activity indirectly as a cellular response to stress. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A | 10 µg 100 µg | $163.00 $800.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A is another inhibitor of protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A, similar to okadaic acid. By preventing the dephosphorylation of proteins, it could enhance the phosphorylation state of STK16 or its substrates, leading to an increase in STK16's kinase activity. | ||||||
Spermine | 71-44-3 | sc-212953A sc-212953 sc-212953B sc-212953C | 1 g 5 g 25 g 100 g | $61.00 $196.00 $277.00 $901.00 | 1 | |
Spermine is a polyamine that can modulate various ion channels and potentially affect kinase activity. By altering the ionic environment of STK16, spermine could enhance its kinase activity either through direct interaction or by modulating the phosphorylation state of proteins in the STK16 signaling pathway. | ||||||
Caffeine | 58-08-2 | sc-202514 sc-202514A sc-202514B sc-202514C sc-202514D | 50 g 100 g 250 g 1 kg 5 kg | $33.00 $67.00 $97.00 $192.00 $775.00 | 13 | |
Caffeine acts as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, similarly to IBMX, and also as an antagonist of adenosine receptors. The increase in cAMP levels due to phosphodiesterase inhibition could activate PKA and thereby enhance the activity of STK16 by promoting the phosphorylation of associated proteins or affecting STK16's own phosphorylation state. | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $153.00 $396.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor, but at low concentrations, it can act selectively. It might enhance STK16 activity by inhibiting kinases that negatively regulate STK16 or its signaling partners, thereby indirectly increasing STK16's activity. | ||||||
Bisindolylmaleimide I (GF 109203X) | 133052-90-1 | sc-24003A sc-24003 | 1 mg 5 mg | $105.00 $242.00 | 36 | |
Bisindolylmaleimide I is a specific inhibitor of PKC. Its use could lead to a change in cellular signaling dynamics, potentially upregulating compensatory pathways that activate STK16 or increase its functional activity through kinase signaling compensation mechanisms. | ||||||