NHSL1 Activators
Chemical activators of NHSL1 utilize diverse mechanisms to modulate the protein's phosphorylation state, thereby influencing its activity. Sodium orthovanadate exerts its effect by inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatases, preventing the dephosphorylation of NHSL1 and maintaining its active phosphorylated form. Similarly, both Calyculin A and Okadaic Acid act as powerful inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, leading to sustained phosphorylation of NHSL1 by curtailing its dephosphorylation. On the other hand, Forskolin activates adenylyl cyclase which increases intracellular cAMP levels, in turn activating protein kinase A that phosphorylates NHSL1, ensuring its activation.
Furthermore, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulates protein kinase C, which directly phosphorylates NHSL1, leading to its activation. Anisomycin, by activating the SAPK/JNK pathway, results in the activation of downstream kinases that can phosphorylate NHSL1. The Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) binds to its receptor and initiates a cascade, including the MAPK/ERK pathway that can culminate in the phosphorylation and activation of NHSL1. Ionomycin, by raising intracellular calcium levels, can activate calcium-sensitive kinases like calmodulin-dependent kinase, which then may phosphorylate NHSL1. Thapsigargin, by inhibiting SERCA, also increases cytosolic calcium, similarly leading to the activation of calcium-dependent kinases that phosphorylate NHSL1. Lithium Chloride inhibits GSK-3, potentially leading to enhanced activity of kinases in the Wnt signaling pathway that phosphorylate NHSL1. Lastly, Bisindolylmaleimide I, though a specific inhibitor of PKC, may lead to the activation of NHSL1 through alternative kinases as the cellular signaling networks adjust to maintain homeostasis. SB 203580, by inhibiting p38 MAP kinase, can also result in the activation of NHSL1 through the activation of alternative MAPK pathways.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sodium Orthovanadate | 13721-39-6 | sc-3540 sc-3540B sc-3540A | 5 g 10 g 50 g | $49.00 $57.00 $187.00 | 142 | |
Sodium orthovanadate activates NHSL1 by inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatases that would otherwise dephosphorylate and deactivate NHSL1, thus maintaining NHSL1 in a phosphorylated and active state. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A | 10 µg 100 µg | $163.00 $800.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A functions as a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which results in the increased phosphorylation of proteins including NHSL1, thereby sustaining NHSL1's active phosphorylation state. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC) which can phosphorylate NHSL1 on specific residues, leading to its functional activation. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $291.00 $530.00 $1800.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid acts as a potent inhibitor of PP1 and PP2A, similar to Calyculin A, therefore it promotes the phosphorylation and maintains the activity of proteins like NHSL1 by preventing their dephosphorylation. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $99.00 $259.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin activates the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathway, which can lead to the activation of NHSL1 by phosphorylation through downstream kinases regulated by this pathway. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that raises intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calcium-sensitive kinases such as calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK), which may phosphorylate and activate NHSL1. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin inhibits the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), leading to increased cytosolic calcium levels and subsequent activation of calcium-dependent kinases that can phosphorylate and activate NHSL1. | ||||||
Lithium | 7439-93-2 | sc-252954 | 50 g | $214.00 | ||
Lithium chloride inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), which can lead to enhanced activity of downstream kinases in the Wnt signaling pathway that may phosphorylate and activate NHSL1. | ||||||
Bisindolylmaleimide I (GF 109203X) | 133052-90-1 | sc-24003A sc-24003 | 1 mg 5 mg | $105.00 $242.00 | 36 | |
Bisindolylmaleimide I specifically inhibits PKC, leading to alterations in downstream signaling pathways that can result in a compensatory phosphorylation and activation of NHSL1 by other kinases within the cell. | ||||||
SB 203580 | 152121-47-6 | sc-3533 sc-3533A | 1 mg 5 mg | $90.00 $349.00 | 284 | |
SB 203580 is a specific inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase. Inhibition of p38 MAPK can result in compensatory activation of alternative MAPK pathways, which could include kinases that phosphorylate and thereby activate NHSL1. | ||||||