KRTAP5-10 Activators
KRTAP5-10 engage in various cellular mechanisms to influence the protein's state of phosphorylation, a modification essential for its activation. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) directly activates protein kinase C (PKC), a key player in phosphorylating substrates like KRTAP5-10. PKC serves as a pivotal point in transducing signals that lead to the functional readiness of this protein. Forskolin, by elevating intracellular cAMP levels, activates protein kinase A (PKA), another enzyme known for its role in phosphorylation. The activation cascade that follows can include the phosphorylation of KRTAP5-10, thereby switching it to an active state. Ionomycin, by increasing intracellular calcium concentrations, can trigger calcium-dependent kinases, which may directly phosphorylate KRTAP5-10, altering its activity status. Similarly, Thapsigargin disrupts calcium homeostasis by inhibiting the SERCA, culminating in a rise of cytosolic calcium that can activate kinases capable of phosphorylating KRTAP5-10.
Inhibition of protein phosphatases also plays a role in the regulation of KRTAP5-10 activity. Calyculin A and Okadaic Acid, by inhibiting protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, prevent the dephosphorylation of proteins, which can sustain KRTAP5-10 in an active state. Cantharidin operates in a similar manner, ensuring KRTAP5-10 remains phosphorylated. Anisomycin triggers a stress response that activates stress-activated protein kinases, which have the capacity to phosphorylate a variety of proteins, including KRTAP5-10. Mevalonic acid lactone, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway, is implicated in processes leading to protein activation, which encompasses KRTAP5-10. Phosphatidic acid, a second messenger, can activate the mTOR signaling pathway, which is known to enhance protein synthesis and may include the activation of KRTAP5-10. Lastly, retinoic acid and sphingosine-1-phosphate engage with nuclear receptors and G-protein coupled receptors, respectively, setting off a series of events that can lead to the phosphorylation and subsequent activation of KRTAP5-10.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, also known as PMA, directly activates protein kinase C (PKC). PKC, in turn, can phosphorylate a range of substrates including keratin associated proteins such as KRTAP5-10, leading to their functional activation. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, which increases levels of cAMP in cells. Elevated cAMP can activate PKA, which may phosphorylate and thereby activate KRTAP5-10 as part of the keratinization process in hair follicles. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore which increases intracellular calcium concentration. This influx of calcium can activate calcium-dependent protein kinases which might directly phosphorylate and activate KRTAP5-10. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A sc-24000B sc-24000C | 10 µg 100 µg 500 µg 1 mg | $160.00 $750.00 $1400.00 $3000.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). Inhibition of these phosphatases prevents dephosphorylation of proteins, thereby potentially maintaining KRTAP5-10 in an activated state. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic Acid is a potent inhibitor of PP1 and PP2A, similar to Calyculin A, leading to increased phosphorylation levels of various proteins, which may include KRTAP5-10, thus keeping it in an activated state. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin inhibits the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), leading to increased cytosolic calcium levels which can activate calcium-dependent kinases that might phosphorylate KRTAP5-10. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $254.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor which can activate stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs). These kinases can phosphorylate various proteins and could be involved in the activation of KRTAP5-10. | ||||||
Cantharidin | 56-25-7 | sc-201321 sc-201321A | 25 mg 100 mg | $81.00 $260.00 | 6 | |
Cantharidin inhibits PP1 and PP2A, resulting in increased phosphorylation of proteins. This inhibition could lead to the sustained activation of KRTAP5-10 through continued phosphorylation. | ||||||
Retinoic Acid, all trans | 302-79-4 | sc-200898 sc-200898A sc-200898B sc-200898C | 500 mg 5 g 10 g 100 g | $65.00 $319.00 $575.00 $998.00 | 28 | |
Retinoic acid is known to regulate gene expression and cellular differentiation. It interacts with nuclear receptors that can lead to an alteration in the phosphorylation state of proteins involved in keratinization, potentially including KRTAP5-10. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $162.00 $316.00 $559.00 $889.00 $1693.00 | 7 | |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a lipid signaling molecule that can activate G-protein coupled receptors and downstream kinases, potentially leading to the functional activation of proteins like KRTAP5-10. | ||||||