IL-15Rα Inhibitors

Chemical inhibitors of IL-15Rα encompass a variety of compounds that indirectly affect its activity primarily by modulating immune system pathways and processes where IL-15Rα plays a significant role. The first group of these inhibitors includes immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agents like Cyclosporine A, Rapamycin, Dexamethasone, and Prednisolone. These compounds influence T-cell activation and immune response, thereby potentially impacting IL-15Rα expression. For instance, Cyclosporine A and Rapamycin, as a calcineurin inhibitor and mTOR inhibitor respectively, modulate key pathways in immune cell function, which could indirectly influence IL-15Rα.

The second group comprises compounds targeting specific immune signaling pathways. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors like Imatinib, Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators like FTY720, and TNF-alpha inhibitors like Infliximab, by modulating signaling pathways in hematopoietic and immune cells, can indirectly affect IL-15Rα. This influence stems from their role in altering the cellular environment and signaling cascades that govern the expression and function of IL-15Rα. Another significant category includes anti-inflammatory agents such as Aspirin and Hydroxychloroquine, and immunomodulatory drugs like Methotrexate and Mycophenolate mofetil. These compounds, by influencing immune cell activation, proliferation, and inflammation, can potentially modulate IL-15Rα expression and function. Lastly, JAK inhibitors represent a class of compounds that target the JAK-STAT pathway, crucial in cytokine signaling in immune cells. By modulating this pathway, these inhibitors can influence IL-15Rα expression, reflecting the complex interplay between cytokine signaling and the regulation of receptors like IL-15Rα.