Ig λ chain V4A Activators
Ig λ chain V4A refers to a specific variable region of the lambda light chain of immunoglobulins (Ig), which are critical components of the adaptive immune system. Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are glycoproteins produced by B cells (B lymphocytes) that recognize and bind to specific antigens, such as pathogens or foreign substances, to neutralize them or mark them for destruction by other immune cells.The structure of an antibody is composed of two heavy chains and two light chains, either kappa (κ) or lambda (λ), which are held together by disulfide bonds. Each light chain includes a variable (V) region and a constant (C) region. The variable region is responsible for antigen binding and is unique to each antibody, allowing for the vast diversity of antigen specificity necessary for the immune system to recognize a wide array of antigens.
The "V4A" designation indicates that this is the fourth variable region within the lambda light chains, subgroup A. This region is encoded by a specific V gene segment in the lambda light chain locus. During B cell development, V (variable), J (joining), and sometimes D (diversity) gene segments undergo a process called V(D)J recombination to create a unique V region sequence. This recombination is a key mechanism contributing to the diversity of the antibody repertoire.The Ig λ chain V4A contributes to the antigen-binding site of the antibody through its complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), which are hypervariable loops that directly interact with the antigen. The precise shape and charge distribution of the CDRs dictate the specificity and affinity of the antibody for its corresponding antigen. The lambda light chains, including the V4A variant, pair with heavy chains to form a complete immunoglobulin that can effectively target and neutralize specific antigens, playing a vital role in the body's immune defense.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cyclosporin A | 59865-13-3 | sc-3503 sc-3503-CW sc-3503A sc-3503B sc-3503C sc-3503D | 100 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g 25 g 100 g | $63.00 $92.00 $250.00 $485.00 $1035.00 $2141.00 | 69 | |
Cyclosporin A inhibits calcineurin, leading to reduced T-cell activation. This immunosuppressive effect may indirectly necessitate the increased production of Ig λ chain V-IV region Len as part of an adaptive immune response. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C which is involved in B cell activation. This can enhance the differentiation of B cells, potentially increasing the expression of Ig λ chain V-IV region Len. | ||||||
Lipopolysaccharide, E. coli O55:B5 | 93572-42-0 | sc-221855 sc-221855A sc-221855B sc-221855C | 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg | $98.00 $171.00 $425.00 $1560.00 | 12 | |
LPS stimulates B-cell proliferation and differentiation via Toll-like receptor 4, possibly enhancing the production of Ig λ chain V-IV region Len by activated B cells. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin increases intracellular calcium concentration, which can stimulate B cell activation and might lead to upregulation of Ig λ chain V-IV region Len expression. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $55.00 $131.00 $203.00 $317.00 | 23 | |
A23187 acts as a calcium ionophore, raising intracellular calcium levels which may trigger B cell activation and subsequent Ig λ chain V-IV region Len expression. | ||||||
Retinoic Acid, all trans | 302-79-4 | sc-200898 sc-200898A sc-200898B sc-200898C | 500 mg 5 g 10 g 100 g | $66.00 $325.00 $587.00 $1018.00 | 28 | |
Retinoic acid influences B cell homeostasis and can modulate immunoglobulin expression, potentially affecting the levels of Ig λ chain V-IV region Len. | ||||||