FPGS Activators

FPGS Activators represents a category of compounds that can influence the function or activity of the Folylpolyglutamate synthase (FPGS) enzyme, either directly or indirectly. These compounds operate by affecting the broader biochemical systems in which FPGS plays a role, specifically folate metabolism and purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis.

Compounds such as Methotrexate and Folinic Acid are folate analogues or forms of folates that are substrates for FPGS. These compounds increase the level of FPGS substrate, which in turn can increase its activity. Aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) influences purine metabolism, a pathway in which FPGS is involved. The presence of AICAR can therefore indirectly affect FPGS activity. Mycophenolic Acid inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis. This inhibition can lead to an increase in FPGS activity to compensate for the loss of guanine nucleotides. Ribavirin, a guanosine analogue, interferes with purine metabolism, and its presence can indirectly affect FPGS activity. Pemetrexed, like Methotrexate, is a folate analogue that undergoes polyglutamation catalyzed by FPGS, and its presence can increase FPGS activity. These compounds, by modulating the various processes in which FPGS plays a role, can collectively be termed as FPGS Activators.