COPZ Activators
COPZ activators are a diverse set of chemical compounds that indirectly stimulate COPZ's functional activity within various cellular signaling pathways. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Forskolin, through their activation of protein kinase C and elevation of intracellular cAMP respectively, enhance COPZ's role in vesicle trafficking. While PMA promotes phosphorylation events that may favor COPZ's assembly of coatomer complexes, Forskolin's activation of PKA could lead to the phosphorylation of proteins that regulate COPZ activity, thereby facilitating vesicular transport. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and the PI3K inhibitors LY294002 and Wortmannin, through their modulation of kinase activity, potentially shift cellular signaling dynamics to amplify COPZ's involvement in vesicle formation and movement. Sphingosine-1-phosphate, by triggering kinase pathways, and Genistein, through inhibition of tyrosine kinases, are thought to fortify COPZ's capacity in cytoskeletal rearrangement and endosome-to-Golgi transport, respectively.
Further enhancing COPZ's activity, Thapsigargin and A23187 (Calcimycin) raise intracellular calcium levels, potentially bolstering COPZ's participation in calcium-dependent vesicle trafficking. SB203580 and U0126, inhibitors of p38 MAPK and MEK1/2 respectively, may indirectly augment COPZ function by shifting the signaling balance towards pathways where COPZ is a key player.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC), which can phosphorylate various substrates including those involved in vesicular trafficking. Such phosphorylation events may enhance COPZ function in coatomer complex assembly and vesicle formation. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin elevates intracellular cAMP, which in turn activates PKA. PKA can phosphorylate proteins involved in the regulation of COPZ, potentially enhancing its role in vesicular trafficking. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $43.00 $73.00 $126.00 $243.00 $530.00 $1259.00 | 11 | |
EGCG inhibits multiple kinases, possibly reducing competitive signaling pathways and indirectly enhancing the pathway in which COPZ is involved, specifically in coatomer-mediated transport. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $123.00 $400.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a PI3K inhibitor. By inhibiting PI3K, it may attenuate downstream signaling that otherwise sequesters resources or signaling molecules away from pathways where COPZ is active, thus indirectly enhancing COPZ activity in vesicle trafficking. | ||||||
Wortmannin | 19545-26-7 | sc-3505 sc-3505A sc-3505B | 1 mg 5 mg 20 mg | $67.00 $223.00 $425.00 | 97 | |
Wortmannin, another PI3K inhibitor, similarly to LY294002, could indirectly enhance COPZ functionality by modulating vesicle formation and trafficking pathways through its effects on PI3K signaling. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $165.00 $322.00 $570.00 $907.00 $1727.00 | 7 | |
By activating sphingosine kinase and subsequent signaling pathways, sphingosine-1-phosphate may indirectly enhance COPZ activity by influencing cytoskeletal rearrangements and vesicle trafficking. | ||||||
Genistein | 446-72-0 | sc-3515 sc-3515A sc-3515B sc-3515C sc-3515D sc-3515E sc-3515F | 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 5 g 10 g 25 g 100 g | $45.00 $164.00 $200.00 $402.00 $575.00 $981.00 $2031.00 | 46 | |
Genistein is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that could reduce competitive signaling and enhance pathways where COPZ is active, particularly in endosome-to-Golgi transport. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin raises intracellular calcium levels, potentially enhancing the calcium-dependent regulatory processes in which COPZ is involved, such as vesicle budding and fusion. | ||||||
SB 203580 | 152121-47-6 | sc-3533 sc-3533A | 1 mg 5 mg | $90.00 $349.00 | 284 | |
SB203580 is a p38 MAPK inhibitor, and by inhibiting p38 MAPK, it could shift the signaling equilibrium in favor of pathways that utilize COPZ for vesicle formation and trafficking. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $55.00 $131.00 $203.00 $317.00 | 23 | |
A23187 acts as a calcium ionophore, increasing intracellular calcium concentration, which can enhance calcium-dependent processes where COPZ is implicated, such as vesicle trafficking. | ||||||