GILT Activators
GILT Activators are a class of chemical compounds that influence the intracellular conditions and pathways to enhance the function of GILT, a lysosomal thiol reductase involved in the processing of antigens for presentation by MHC class II molecules. The mechanisms by which these activators function are grounded in their ability to modulate the intracellular environment of the lysosome, where GILT operates, or to influence upstream pathways that affect antigen processing.
Chemicals such as Chloroquine, Bafilomycin A1, and Concanamycin A exert their enhancing effect on GILT by raising the pH within lysosomes, which is an indirect method of maintaining GILT's enzymatic activity, as GILT requires an acidic environment. Similarly, Monensin and Nigericin function as ionophores that disrupt lysosomal ion gradients, leading to pH modifications that can support GILT activity.
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bafilomycin A1 | 88899-55-2 | sc-201550 sc-201550A sc-201550B sc-201550C | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg | $98.00 $255.00 $765.00 $1457.00 | 280 | |
Bafilomycin A1 is a specific inhibitor of the V-ATPase proton pump, leading to increased pH in lysosomes. This can indirectly enhance GILT activity by maintaining an environment conducive to its enzymatic activity in antigen processing. | ||||||
Concanamycin A | 80890-47-7 | sc-202111 sc-202111A sc-202111B sc-202111C | 50 µg 200 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $66.00 $167.00 $673.00 $2601.00 | 109 | |
Concanamycin A, another V-ATPase inhibitor, similarly increases lysosomal pH, potentially enhancing GILT function as it relies on acidic conditions to process antigens for MHC class II presentation. | ||||||
Zymosan | 9010-72-4 | sc-296863 sc-296863A | 100 mg 1 g | $99.00 $599.00 | 1 | |
Zymosan activates the complement pathway and can lead to enhanced phagocytosis, thereby potentially increasing the delivery of antigenic materials to lysosomes where GILT processes the antigens. | ||||||
Lipopolysaccharide, E. coli O55:B5 | 93572-42-0 | sc-221855 sc-221855A sc-221855B sc-221855C | 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg | $98.00 $171.00 $425.00 $1560.00 | 12 | |
LPS activates the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway leading to the activation of immune cells and potentially increasing the expression and activity of proteins involved in antigen presentation, including GILT. | ||||||
Monensin A | 17090-79-8 | sc-362032 sc-362032A | 5 mg 25 mg | $155.00 $525.00 | ||
Monensin is a carboxylic ionophore that alters intracellular trafficking and lysosomal pH, which may enhance GILT activity by affecting the optimal pH for its enzymatic function in antigen processing. | ||||||
Nigericin sodium salt | 28643-80-3 | sc-201518A sc-201518 sc-201518B sc-201518C sc-201518D | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 1 g 5 g | $46.00 $112.00 $240.00 $7079.00 $27417.00 | 9 | |
Nigericin is an ionophore that exchanges H+ for K+ across membranes, potentially increasing lysosomal pH and enhancing the activity of GILT within its functional pH range. | ||||||
Imidazole | 288-32-4 | sc-204776 sc-204776A sc-204776B sc-204776C | 25 g 100 g 1 kg 5 kg | $27.00 $56.00 $84.00 $343.00 | 2 | |
Imidazole is a compound that can buffer cellular pH. By maintaining a slightly acidic pH, it can indirectly maintain the activity of lysosomal enzymes like GILT that are involved in antigen processing. | ||||||
Leupeptin hemisulfate | 103476-89-7 | sc-295358 sc-295358A sc-295358D sc-295358E sc-295358B sc-295358C | 5 mg 25 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 mg | $73.00 $148.00 $316.00 $499.00 $1427.00 $101.00 | 19 | |
Leupeptin inhibits cysteine and serine proteases, potentially increasing the availability of antigenic peptides for GILT-mediated processing by preventing their degradation in lysosomes. | ||||||