TRIAD3 Activators
TRIAD3 Activators encompass a group of chemical compounds that, through distinct cellular mechanisms, enhance the functional activity of TRIAD3, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase encoded by the RNF216 gene. Compounds such as Forskolin and PMA leverage the intracellular signaling pathways mediated by cAMP and PKC, respectively, to potentially augment the ubiquitin ligase activity of TRIAD3. Forskolin raises cAMP levels, activating PKA, which could phosphorylate TRIAD3 or its associated proteins, thus enhancing its activity. Conversely, PMA directly stimulates PKC, which can lead to the phosphorylation of proteins within the ubiquitin ligase pathways, potentially increasing the substrate recognition or ligase activity of TRIAD3. Similarly, Ionomycin and Thapsigargin modulate intracellular calcium levels, indirectly promoting the activation of calcium-dependent kinases that might affect TRIAD3's functionality. Lithium chloride and SB216763, both GSK-3 inhibitors, can stabilize certain proteins that may act as substrates for TRIAD3, thereby indirectly upregulating its ligase activity.
Compounds like Okadaic acid, which inhibits phosphatases, and Rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, also contribute to this network of regulation. Okadaic acid ensures that a hyperphosphorylated state is maintained within the cell, potentially favoring the ubiquitination activity of TRIAD3 on certain substrates. Finally, Brefeldin A disrupts Golgi apparatus function, potentially leading to an accumulation of protein substrates requiring ubiquitination by TRIAD3, thus serving as an indirect activator by influencing the substrate availability for TRIAD3-mediated ubiquitination.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, increasing intracellular cAMP levels. Elevated cAMP activates PKA, which can phosphorylate various proteins, potentially including substrates that increase the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of TRIAD3. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs). CaMKs could enhance the ubiquitination process that TRIAD3 is involved in by modifying associated proteins. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a PKC activator that can phosphorylate proteins involved in ubiquitin ligase pathways. PKC-mediated phosphorylation may upregulate the activity of TRIAD3 by promoting substrate recognition or ligase activity. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, leading to increased phosphorylation levels of cellular proteins. This can enhance TRIAD3 activity by preventing dephosphorylation of substrates or regulators of its E3 ligase function. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin disrupts calcium homeostasis by inhibiting the SERCA pump, leading to an increase in cytosolic calcium levels. Elevated calcium may activate signaling pathways that enhance TRIAD3’s role in protein ubiquitination. | ||||||
Lithium | 7439-93-2 | sc-252954 | 50 g | $214.00 | ||
Lithium chloride inhibits glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3). Inhibition of GSK-3 can lead to the stabilization and activation of proteins that may be substrates of TRIAD3, thereby potentially enhancing its ligase activity. | ||||||
SB-216763 | 280744-09-4 | sc-200646 sc-200646A | 1 mg 5 mg | $70.00 $198.00 | 18 | |
SB216763 is another GSK-3 inhibitor that can promote the activation of Wnt signaling pathway proteins, which might interact with and augment the ubiquitin ligase function of TRIAD3. | ||||||
Brefeldin A | 20350-15-6 | sc-200861C sc-200861 sc-200861A sc-200861B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $30.00 $52.00 $122.00 $367.00 | 25 | |
Brefeldin A disrupts the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus, which could lead to altered trafficking of proteins that are substrates for TRIAD3, enhancing its ubiquitin ligase activity. | ||||||