TMEM139 Activators
TMEM139 activators are compounds that interact with and modulate the activity of the protein known as Transmembrane Protein 139 (TMEM139). This protein is a part of a broad and diverse class of proteins that are embedded in the lipid bilayer of cellular membranes. TMEM139, like many transmembrane proteins, is characterized by its spanning of the lipid bilayer, with regions exposed both to the intracellular environment and the extracellular space. The precise biochemical function of TMEM139 is not completely understood, but it is believed to play a role in various cellular processes due to its transmembrane nature. Activators of TMEM139 are therefore molecules that bind to this protein and increase its activity, altering its biological function in the cell. These activators can vary in structure, ranging from small organic molecules to larger bioactive compounds, each with specific binding affinities and kinetics that influence the degree of activation they induce.
The exploration of TMEM139 activators involves the study of their interaction with the protein, with a focus on understanding the molecular dynamics at play. This includes investigating the binding sites where these activators attach to the protein, the conformational changes in the protein structure post-binding, and the subsequent effects on the protein's function. The activators may interact with TMEM139 by inducing a change in its spatial conformation, stabilizing certain protein domains, or by affecting the protein's interaction with other cellular components. As with other protein activators, the interaction is highly specific, often requiring a precise molecular fit to ensure the efficacy of activation. Research into TMEM139 activators encompasses areas such as molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics, employing techniques like X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and various types of mass spectrometry and chromatography to elucidate the nature of the activator-protein interaction. This detailed molecular understanding paves the way for the analysis of the intrinsic role of TMEM139 in cellular functioning.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylyl cyclase, increasing intracellular levels of cAMP. Elevated cAMP may enhance TMEM139 activity by promoting cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) signaling, which could phosphorylate and regulate proteins that interact with or modify TMEM139 function. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that elevates intracellular calcium levels, possibly influencing calcium-dependent pathways that could augment TMEM139 activity by modifying the local calcium environment that TMEM139 is responsive to. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC) which may enhance TMEM139 activity if TMEM139 function is modulated by PKC-mediated phosphorylation or related signaling pathways. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $260.00 $350.00 $500.00 | 34 | |
IBMX inhibits phosphodiesterases, leading to increased cAMP and cGMP levels in cells. This can enhance TMEM139 activity by sustaining the PKA and PKG pathways that could phosphorylate associated proteins or alter the signaling environment of TMEM139. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $55.00 $131.00 $203.00 $317.00 | 23 | |
A23187 acts as a calcium ionophore, similarly to Ionomycin, and can elevate intracellular calcium, potentially enhancing TMEM139 by activating calcium-dependent signaling pathways that TMEM139 might be part of or regulated by. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $47.00 $136.00 $492.00 $4552.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl-cAMP is a cell-permeable cAMP analog that activates PKA. Activation of PKA can lead to phosphorylation events that enhance TMEM139 activity by influencing proteins in TMEM139's functional network. | ||||||
8-Bromo-cAMP | 76939-46-3 | sc-201564 sc-201564A | 10 mg 50 mg | $126.00 $328.00 | 30 | |
8-Br-cAMP is a stable cAMP analog that activates PKA, potentially enhancing TMEM139 activity through PKA-dependent phosphorylation of proteins that interact with or regulate TMEM139. | ||||||
Bisindolylmaleimide I (GF 109203X) | 133052-90-1 | sc-24003A sc-24003 | 1 mg 5 mg | $105.00 $242.00 | 36 | |
Bisindolylmaleimide I is a PKC inhibitor that can modify PKC activity. In some scenarios, inhibition of PKC can lead to compensatory activation of other pathways that could enhance TMEM139 activity indirectly. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin inhibits the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), leading to increased cytosolic calcium levels, potentially enhancing TMEM139 activity by engaging calcium-sensitive signaling mechanisms. | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $153.00 $396.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor that can indirectly enhance TMEM139 activity by inhibiting kinases that negatively regulate pathways or proteins that are upstream or linked to TMEM139 function. | ||||||