KBTBD4 Activators
KBTBD4 can engage various signaling pathways to induce its activation, primarily through the modulation of cAMP levels and subsequent activation of protein kinase A (PKA). Forskolin exerts its action by directly stimulating adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in intracellular cAMP. This rise in cAMP activates PKA, which then phosphorylates KBTBD4, a process that is essential for its activation. Similarly, IBMX functions by inhibiting phosphodiesterases which are responsible for cAMP degradation. By preventing the breakdown of cAMP, IBMX sustains elevated levels of this messenger, thereby keeping PKA in an active state, ready to act on KBTBD4. PGE2 operates through its own receptors to activate adenylate cyclase, which also results in elevated cAMP and subsequent PKA-mediated activation of KBTBD4. Epinephrine and Isoproterenol, both adrenergic agonists, activate adenylate cyclase through their interaction with beta-adrenergic receptors, fostering a conducive environment for PKA activation and, consequently, KBTBD4 phosphorylation.
KBTBD4 activation, Rolipram selectively inhibits phosphodiesterase 4, while Anagrelide targets phosphodiesterase III, both leading to increased cAMP levels. This accumulation of cAMP facilitates the activation of PKA, which can then target KBTBD4 for activation. Glucagon, by binding to its specific receptor, similarly promotes cAMP production and activates PKA, providing another route for KBTBD4 activation. Cholera toxin, through its action on the Gs alpha subunit, causes a persistent activation of adenylate cyclase, which leads to a sustained increase in cAMP and enduring activation of PKA, with KBTBD4 being a downstream target. Luteolin and Zaprinast, through their inhibitory action on different phosphodiesterases, increase cAMP levels, further contributing to the activation of PKA and subsequent phosphorylation of KBTBD4. Lastly, Dibutyryl-cAMP, a synthetic analog of cAMP, bypasses cell surface receptors and directly activates PKA, which then can phosphorylate and activate KBTBD4.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly stimulates adenylate cyclase, which increases cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in cells. Elevated cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), leading to phosphorylation and activation of KBTBD4 as part of downstream signaling events. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $159.00 $315.00 $598.00 | 34 | |
IBMX is a nonspecific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, which degrade cAMP. By preventing cAMP degradation, IBMX indirectly sustains the activation of PKA, which can phosphorylate and enhance the activity of KBTBD4. | ||||||
PGE2 | 363-24-6 | sc-201225 sc-201225C sc-201225A sc-201225B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg | $56.00 $156.00 $270.00 $665.00 | 37 | |
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) binds to its G-protein coupled receptor, increasing intracellular cAMP levels via adenylate cyclase activation. The rise in cAMP activates PKA, which in turn can promote activation of KBTBD4 through phosphorylation. | ||||||
(−)-Epinephrine | 51-43-4 | sc-205674 sc-205674A sc-205674B sc-205674C sc-205674D | 1 g 5 g 10 g 100 g 1 kg | $40.00 $102.00 $197.00 $1739.00 $16325.00 | ||
Epinephrine, interacting with beta-adrenergic receptors, leads to the activation of adenylate cyclase and an increase in cAMP levels. This cascade activates PKA which can phosphorylate and activate KBTBD4. | ||||||
Isoproterenol Hydrochloride | 51-30-9 | sc-202188 sc-202188A | 100 mg 500 mg | $27.00 $37.00 | 5 | |
Isoproterenol, a synthetic beta-adrenergic agonist, activates adenylate cyclase via the beta-adrenergic receptor, elevating cAMP levels and activating PKA, which could then activate KBTBD4 by phosphorylation. | ||||||
Rolipram | 61413-54-5 | sc-3563 sc-3563A | 5 mg 50 mg | $75.00 $212.00 | 18 | |
Rolipram is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), which breaks down cAMP. Inhibition of PDE4 by Rolipram leads to increased cAMP and subsequent activation of PKA, potentially leading to activation of KBTBD4. | ||||||
Anagrelide | 68475-42-3 | sc-491875 | 25 mg | $147.00 | ||
Anagrelide inhibits phosphodiesterase III, resulting in increased cAMP levels. This increment in cAMP activates PKA, which could lead to the phosphorylation and activation of KBTBD4. | ||||||
Luteolin | 491-70-3 | sc-203119 sc-203119A sc-203119B sc-203119C sc-203119D | 5 mg 50 mg 500 mg 5 g 500 g | $26.00 $50.00 $99.00 $150.00 $1887.00 | 40 | |
Luteolin may enhance PKA activity through increasing cAMP levels by inhibiting phosphodiesterases, thus potentially leading to the activation of KBTBD4 through PKA-mediated phosphorylation. | ||||||
Zaprinast (M&B 22948) | 37762-06-4 | sc-201206 sc-201206A | 25 mg 100 mg | $103.00 $245.00 | 8 | |
Zaprinast inhibits phosphodiesterase types 5 and 6, leading to increased cAMP levels in certain tissues. Enhanced cAMP levels activate PKA, which can phosphorylate and activate KBTBD4. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $45.00 $130.00 $480.00 $4450.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl-cAMP is a cell-permeable cAMP analog that directly activates PKA. Activated PKA can phosphorylate target proteins, which may include KBTBD4, leading to its activation. | ||||||