GFRα-4 Activators

GFRα-4, also known as Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Family Receptor Alpha 4, is a receptor protein associated with the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of ligands. The GDNF family of ligands includes neurotrophic factors that play essential roles in the development, maintenance, and repair of the nervous system.GFRα-4, like other members of the GFRα family, is known for its ability to bind to specific GDNF family ligands, including GDNF, Neurturin (NRTN), Artemin (ARTN), and Persephin (PSPN). When GFRα-4 binds to these ligands, it forms complexes that interact with the RET receptor tyrosine kinase. This interaction triggers signaling cascades within cells, promoting cell survival, differentiation, and neurite outgrowth, which are critical processes for the development and maintenance of neurons.

The GFRα-4 receptor is primarily expressed in the nervous system, where it participates in the regulation of neuronal growth and survival. It is particularly important during embryonic development, where it contributes to the formation of the peripheral nervous system and the kidney.Dysregulation of GFRα-4 and the GDNF family of ligands can have significant implications for neurological and developmental disorders. Mutations or alterations in these proteins have been linked to conditions like Hirschsprung's disease, a congenital disorder affecting the enteric nervous system, and certain neurodegenerative diseases.