Choriogonadotropin β Antibody (B-4): sc-271062

Choriogonadotropin β Antibody (B-4) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 kappa light chain antibody that detects human Choriogonadotropin beta protein by western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry with paraffin-embedded sections (IHCP), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Choriogonadotropin β (B-4) antibody is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. Choriogonadotropin, a crucial hormone produced by the placenta during the first trimester of pregnancy, plays a vital role in maintaining pregnancy by stimulating the ovaries to produce essential steroids such as estrogen and progesterone. The protein exists as a heterodimer composed of a unique β chain and an α chain that is common to all gonadotropins, with the unique β chain providing biological specificity to choriogonadotropin, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone. The α subunit is encoded by a gene located on human chromosome 6, while the β subunit is mapped to chromosome 19. Notably, choriogonadotropin is a member of the cystine knot growth-factor superfamily, characterized by a distinct arrangement of six cysteine residues, which is essential for structural integrity and function. The proper secretion and dimerization of choriogonadotropin depend on the conformation of the cystine knot, although biological activity remains independent of this conformation, highlighting the complexity of regulatory mechanisms during early pregnancy.

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Choriogonadotropin β Antibody (B-4) References:

1. Characterization of a cleavage product in the human choriogonadotropin beta-subunit.  |  Bidart, JM., et al. 1988. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 154: 626-32. PMID: 2456761
2. Development and validation of a choriogonadotropin beta-subunit radioimmunoassay for serum choriogonadotropin using commercially available components.  |  Walsh, PR., et al. 1980. Clin Biochem. 13: 69-72. PMID: 6156028
3. Chromosome assignment of genes encoding the alpha and beta subunits of glycoprotein hormones in man and mouse.  |  Naylor, SL., et al. 1983. Somatic Cell Genet. 9: 757-70. PMID: 6581542
4. Circulating choriogonadotropin beta subunit in a patient with primary amenorrhea and embryonal ovarian carcinoma.  |  Lindstedt, G., et al. 1980. Clin Chim Acta. 104: 195-200. PMID: 7389132
5. The cystine-knot growth-factor superfamily.  |  Sun, PD. and Davies, DR. 1995. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 24: 269-91. PMID: 7663117
6. Mutagenesis of the 'determinant loop' region of human choriogonadotropin beta.  |  Huang, J., et al. 1993. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 90: 211-8. PMID: 7684341
7. Mutagenesis of cysteine residues in the human gonadotropin alpha subunit. Roles of individual disulfide bonds in secretion, assembly, and biologic activity.  |  Furuhashi, M., et al. 1994. J Biol Chem. 269: 25543-8. PMID: 7929256
8. Crystal structure of human chorionic gonadotropin.  |  Lapthorn, AJ., et al. 1994. Nature. 369: 455-61. PMID: 8202136
9. Disulfide bonds 7-31 and 59-87 of the alpha-subunit play a different role in assembly of human chorionic gonadotropin and lutropin.  |  Furuhashi, M., et al. 1996. Endocrinology. 137: 4196-200. PMID: 8828477
10. Cystine knot of the gonadotropin alpha subunit is critical for intracellular behavior but not for in vitro biological activity.  |  Sato, A., et al. 1997. J Biol Chem. 272: 18098-103. PMID: 9218442
11. Regulation of prostaglandin F2alpha-receptor mRNA in human granulosa-luteal cells by human chorionic gonadotrophin and prostaglandin F2alpha.  |  Väänänen, JE., et al. 1998. Endocrine. 8: 261-7. PMID: 9741831
12. Structural and molecular studies of human chorionic gonadotropin and its receptor.  |  Lustbader, JW., et al. 1998. Recent Prog Horm Res. 53: 395-424; discussion 424-5. PMID: 9769716

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-Choriogonadotropin β Antibody (B-4) has 7 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-Choriogonadotropin β Antibody (B-4) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

Choriogonadotropin β Antibody (B-4) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: Choriogonadotropin β

Product Clone Name: B-4

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG₁ kappa light chain

Amino Acids: 129-165

Epitope Target: the Choriogonadotropin β precursor

Epitope Species: human

Product Reactivity/Detection: precursor and mature Choriogonadotropin β

Species Reactivity/Detection: human

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP, IF, IHC(P), ELISA

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG₁ kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 7 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for Choriogonadotropin β Antibody (B-4): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin