TSHβ Inhibitors

TSHβ inhibitors, as described in the table, are primarily chemicals that indirectly influence the activity of TSHβ by modulating thyroid hormone synthesis, secretion, or the regulatory mechanisms of TSH itself. TSHβ, being a component of the thyroid-stimulating hormone, is integral to the regulation of the thyroid gland, which produces key hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The primary mechanism of these inhibitors involves the disruption of thyroid hormone synthesis or the regulation of TSH secretion. Compounds like Methimazole, Propylthiouracil (PTU), and Carbimazole inhibit thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme crucial for thyroid hormone synthesis. By reducing the synthesis of thyroid hormones, these compounds can indirectly influence TSHβ activity due to the feedback mechanisms controlling TSH secretion.

Perchlorate and Thiocyanate compete with iodide for uptake by the thyroid gland. Iodide is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, so its inhibited uptake can affect TSHβ activity indirectly. Similarly, Potassium Iodide in high doses can inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis. Amiodarone, due to its high iodine content, disrupts thyroid hormone synthesis and can lead to altered TSHβ levels. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors like Lenvatinib and Sorafenib can lead to hypothyroidism, thereby affecting TSHβ activity. Other compounds like Iopanoic Acid and Glucocorticoids affect the peripheral conversion of thyroid hormones or suppress TSH secretion, respectively. These actions indirectly impact TSHβ levels.