syntenin-2 Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of syntenin-2 can affect its function by targeting various components of the cellular cytoskeleton and signaling pathways that syntenin-2 interacts with. Wortmannin and LY294002 are inhibitors that target phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K), which are critical for the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, impacting syntenin-2's role in cytoskeletal organization. By inhibiting PI3K, these chemicals can disrupt downstream signaling pathways that syntenin-2 might rely on for maintaining cell adhesion and movement. Cytochalasin D and Latrunculin A, on the other hand, act directly on the actin cytoskeleton itself. Cytochalasin D binds to the growing ends of actin filaments, preventing their elongation and promoting depolymerization, while Latrunculin A sequesters actin monomers, preventing their polymerization. These actions can lead to a breakdown of the actin cytoskeleton, consequently inhibiting the structural role that syntenin-2 plays in cellular processes.
Further affecting the actin dynamics, CK-636 and SMIFH2 inhibit actin nucleation and elongation by targeting the Arp2/3 complex and formins, respectively. By preventing the formation and branching of actin filaments, CK-636 can disrupt the structural integrity of the actin network, while SMIFH2 can inhibit the elongation of actin filaments, both of which are essential for the functions of syntenin-2. Additionally, Blebbistatin and ML-7 target myosin II and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), respectively, leading to decreased cellular contractility and changes in cytoskeletal tension that are important for syntenin-2's association with actin structures. Gö 6983 inhibits protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, which can affect signaling pathways that modulate cytoskeletal organization and cell adhesion, thus influencing syntenin-2's role in these processes. Lastly, Y-27632 and NSC 23766 affect the Rho family of small GTPases signaling pathways; Y-27632 inhibits the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), and NSC 23766 inhibits the activation of Rac1, both of which are essential for actin cytoskeletal dynamics and, subsequently, for the biological activities of syntenin-2 related to cell morphology and motility.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wortmannin | 19545-26-7 | sc-3505 sc-3505A sc-3505B | 1 mg 5 mg 20 mg | $67.00 $223.00 $425.00 | 97 | |
Wortmannin acts as an inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K), which are involved in various signaling pathways, including those regulating cytoskeletal dynamics. Syntenin-2 is associated with actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion; inhibition of PI3K by Wortmannin can lead to alterations in the actin cytoskeleton, thus indirectly inhibiting syntenin-2's role in cytoskeletal organization and potentially its function in cell adhesion and movement. | ||||||
Cytochalasin D | 22144-77-0 | sc-201442 sc-201442A | 1 mg 5 mg | $165.00 $486.00 | 64 | |
Cytochalasin D binds to the barbed ends of actin filaments, preventing polymerization and thus leading to depolymerization of actin filaments. Since syntenin-2 is involved in cytoskeletal organization by its interaction with actin, Cytochalasin D's effect on actin polymerization can inhibit syntenin-2's function in maintaining the structural integrity of the cytoskeleton and its related signaling. | ||||||
Latrunculin A, Latrunculia magnifica | 76343-93-6 | sc-202691 sc-202691B | 100 µg 500 µg | $265.00 $815.00 | 36 | |
Latrunculin A binds to actin monomers and sequesters them, thereby preventing their polymerization into filaments. The inhibition of actin polymerization can disrupt the cytoskeletal framework and thus inhibit the function of syntenin-2, which interacts with actin filaments for cellular processes like migration and adhesion. | ||||||
(S)-(−)-Blebbistatin | 856925-71-8 | sc-204253 sc-204253A sc-204253B sc-204253C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $72.00 $265.00 $495.00 $968.00 | ||
Blebbistatin is an inhibitor of myosin II ATPase activity, leading to a reduction in myosin II-mediated contractility. By inhibiting myosin II, Blebbistatin can interfere with cytoskeletal tension and cellular mechanics, which are important for the functions of syntenin-2 in cell adhesion and motility. | ||||||
Y-27632, free base | 146986-50-7 | sc-3536 sc-3536A | 5 mg 50 mg | $186.00 $707.00 | 88 | |
Y-27632 selectively inhibits Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), which in turn is involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. The inhibition of ROCK leads to changes in cytoskeletal dynamics, which can impede the interaction of syntenin-2 with the actin cytoskeleton, thereby inhibiting its function in processes like vesicle trafficking and cell migration. | ||||||
PD 98059 | 167869-21-8 | sc-3532 sc-3532A | 1 mg 5 mg | $40.00 $92.00 | 212 | |
PD 98059 is an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), which is upstream of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the MAPK/ERK pathway. By inhibiting MEK, PD 98059 can reduce ERK activation, which is implicated in cell adhesion and movement. Since syntenin-2 is involved in these processes, its function can be indirectly inhibited by PD 98059 through disruption of downstream signaling that influences cytoskeletal rearrangements and adhesion complexes. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $123.00 $400.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is another PI3K inhibitor, similar to Wortmannin, and it prevents the formation of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) from phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). By inhibiting PI3K, LY294002 disrupts downstream signaling pathways involved in cellular processes such as migration and survival, which can indirectly inhibit the function of syntenin-2 that relies on PI3K signaling for cytoskeletal dynamics and cell adhesion. | ||||||
ML-7 hydrochloride | 110448-33-4 | sc-200557 sc-200557A | 10 mg 50 mg | $91.00 $267.00 | 13 | |
ML-7 is an inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), which phosphorylates the regulatory light chain of myosin II, driving actin-myosin contraction. Inhibition of MLCK by ML-7 leads to decreased cytoskeletal tension and cellular contractility. Since syntenin-2 is associated with actin structures, inhibiting MLCK and thus the actin-myosin interaction can indirectly inhibit the functional role of syntenin-2 in maintaining cellular structure and tension. | ||||||
Gö 6983 | 133053-19-7 | sc-203432 sc-203432A sc-203432B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg | $105.00 $299.00 $474.00 | 15 | |
Gö 6983 is a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms. PKC is involved in signal transduction for various cellular processes, including cytoskeletal organization. Inhibition of PKC by Gö 6983 can lead to alterations in actin dynamics and cell adhesion, thereby indirectly inhibiting syntenin-2 function related to cytoskeletal interactions and signaling pathways that involve PKC for cellular adhesion andmigration. | ||||||
SMIFH2 | 340316-62-3 | sc-507273 | 5 mg | $140.00 | ||
SMIFH2 is a small molecule inhibitor of the formin family of proteins, which are involved in actin filament nucleation and elongation. Since syntenin-2 functions in coordination with actin dynamics, inhibiting formin-mediated actin assembly with SMIFH2 can disrupt the actin cytoskeleton, thereby inhibiting the functional role of syntenin-2 in cell morphology and motility. | ||||||