SP-C Activators
The chemical class of SP-C activators encompasses a diverse array of compounds that can directly or indirectly modulate the activation of surfactant protein C (SP-C). SP-C is a critical component of pulmonary surfactant, playing a pivotal role in reducing surface tension within the alveoli and facilitating proper lung function. While direct activators of SP-C remain elusive, several compounds exhibit the ability to influence its activation through intricate cellular signaling pathways. Among the compounds listed, PPARγ agonists such as troglitazone and rosiglitazone can indirectly activate SP-C by influencing pathways related to adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. The activation of PPARγ orchestrates cellular responses crucial for the synthesis and secretion of surfactant proteins in type II alveolar cells. Additionally, AICAR, an AMPK activator, indirectly impacts SP-C activation by modulating cellular energy status and metabolic pathways, crucial for surfactant protein synthesis.
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, including salubrinal and vorinostat, represent another facet of SP-C activators. By preventing eIF2α dephosphorylation, salubrinal indirectly activates SP-C through enhanced translation of mRNAs encoding surfactant proteins. Vorinostat, on the other hand, influences SP-C activation by altering histone acetylation patterns, leading to chromatin remodeling and increased accessibility of the SP-C gene for transcription. Furthermore, compounds like 9-cis-retinoic acid, betulinic acid, and amlexanox showcase the ability of retinoid receptor agonists, triterpenoids, and kinase inhibitors, respectively, to indirectly modulate SP-C activation by influencing critical cellular pathways involved in surfactant protein synthesis.
Items 1 to 10 of 12 total
Display:
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GW501516 | 317318-70-0 | sc-202642 sc-202642A | 1 mg 5 mg | $80.00 $175.00 | 28 | |
GW501516, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) agonist, activates PPARδ, which plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism. The activation of PPARδ leads to increased expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, indirectly influencing SP-C activation by modulating lipid-related pathways critical for surfactant protein synthesis in type II alveolar cells. | ||||||
Salubrinal | 405060-95-9 | sc-202332 sc-202332A | 1 mg 5 mg | $33.00 $102.00 | 87 | |
Salubrinal is an eIF2α dephosphorylation inhibitor, preventing the dephosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α). The inhibition of eIF2α dephosphorylation can indirectly activate SP-C by enhancing the translation of specific mRNAs encoding surfactant proteins, contributing to the regulation of surfactant synthesis and secretion in type II alveolar cells. | ||||||
Troglitazone | 97322-87-7 | sc-200904 sc-200904B sc-200904A | 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $108.00 $200.00 $426.00 | 9 | |
Troglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, activates PPARγ, a nuclear receptor involved in adipocyte differentiation. PPARγ activation can indirectly influence SP-C activation by modulating cellular pathways related to lipid metabolism and differentiation, which are integral to the synthesis and secretion of surfactant proteins in type II alveolar cells. | ||||||
Butyric acid | 107-92-6 | sc-214640 sc-214640A | 1 kg 10 kg | $63.00 $174.00 | ||
Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid that serves as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. HDAC inhibition by butyrate can indirectly activate SP-C by modulating histone acetylation patterns, leading to altered chromatin structure and increased accessibility of the SP-C gene for transcription in type II alveolar cells. | ||||||
Rosiglitazone | 122320-73-4 | sc-202795 sc-202795A sc-202795C sc-202795D sc-202795B | 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 5 g | $118.00 $320.00 $622.00 $928.00 $1234.00 | 38 | |
Rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist like troglitazone, activates PPARγ, influencing adipocyte differentiation. This activation indirectly modulates SP-C activation by regulating pathways related to lipid metabolism and differentiation, crucial for the synthesis and secretion of surfactant proteins in type II alveolar cells. | ||||||
AICAR | 2627-69-2 | sc-200659 sc-200659A sc-200659B | 50 mg 250 mg 1 g | $60.00 $270.00 $350.00 | 48 | |
AICAR is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator. AMPK activation by AICAR can indirectly influence SP-C activation by modulating cellular energy status and metabolic pathways, crucial for the synthesis and secretion of surfactant proteins in type II alveolar cells. AMPK activation plays a role in coordinating cellular responses to energy availability, impacting SP-C synthesis. | ||||||
Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid | 149647-78-9 | sc-220139 sc-220139A | 100 mg 500 mg | $130.00 $270.00 | 37 | |
Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Inhibiting HDACs, vorinostat indirectly activates SP-C by influencing histone acetylation patterns, leading to chromatin remodeling and increased accessibility of the SP-C gene for transcription in type II alveolar cells. This epigenetic modulation contributes to the regulation of surfactant protein synthesis. | ||||||
9-cis-Retinoic acid | 5300-03-8 | sc-205589 sc-205589B sc-205589C sc-205589D sc-205589A | 1 mg 25 mg 250 mg 500 mg 5 mg | $70.00 $416.00 $3060.00 $5610.00 $145.00 | 10 | |
9-cis-Retinoic acid is a retinoid receptor agonist, activating retinoic acid receptors (RARs). RAR activation influences cellular differentiation and can indirectly activate SP-C by modulating pathways related to alveolar type II cell differentiation, an essential process for surfactant protein synthesis and secretion in the lungs. | ||||||
Betulinic Acid | 472-15-1 | sc-200132 sc-200132A | 25 mg 100 mg | $115.00 $337.00 | 3 | |
Betulinic acid is a triterpenoid that exhibits anti-cancer properties. Its indirect activation of SP-C is linked to its modulation of signaling pathways, potentially involving MAPK and PI3K/Akt, critical for surfactant protein synthesis in type II alveolar cells. The detailed mechanism of action and its specific impact on SP-C regulation require further investigation. | ||||||
Amlexanox | 68302-57-8 | sc-217630 | 10 mg | $160.00 | 2 | |
Amlexanox is an inhibitor of IKKε and TBK1, impacting NF-κB signaling. Its indirect activation of SP-C involves the modulation of inflammatory and immune response pathways, which can influence surfactant protein synthesis in type II alveolar cells. The detailed cellular mechanisms linking IKKε/TBK1 inhibition to SP-C activation warrant further exploration. | ||||||