iGb3 Activators
Isoglobotrihexosylceramide (iGb3) is not a protein, but a type of glycosphingolipid. Glycosphingolipids are a class of lipids with a carbohydrate (sugar) component and are found in all animal cell membranes. They play critical roles in various biological processes, including cell-cell recognition and communication, immunity, and cell growth regulation.iGb3, specifically, is a minor component of mammalian glycosphingolipids but has been identified as a significant player in immune regulation. It has been found to act as a potent antigen for invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells), a subset of T cells that bridge innate and adaptive immunity.
When presented by the protein CD1d on antigen-presenting cells, iGb3 can activate iNKT cells, leading to a cascade of immune responses. This includes the rapid release of a broad range of cytokines, which can influence the immune response towards either a pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory state.The role of iGb3 in iNKT cell activation suggests it could have significant implications in various health conditions, such as autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases, where iNKT cells are known to be involved.However, the exact role and significance of iGb3 in human immunity and disease are areas of active research and debate. Some studies have suggested that iGb3 might not be the primary endogenous ligand for iNKT cells, while others continue to demonstrate its importance.
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C2 Ceramide | 3102-57-6 | sc-201375 sc-201375A | 5 mg 25 mg | $124.00 $460.00 | 12 | |
Ceramide serves as a substrate for iGb3 synthase. By increasing the availability of ceramide, iGb3 production can be indirectly enhanced. | ||||||
E-64 | 66701-25-5 | sc-201276 sc-201276A sc-201276B | 5 mg 25 mg 250 mg | $281.00 $947.00 $1574.00 | 14 | |
By inhibiting β-glucosidase, these compounds block the breakdown of glucosylceramide, potentially leading to increased availability of ceramide, a precursor in iGb3 synthesis. | ||||||
Metformin | 657-24-9 | sc-507370 | 10 mg | $79.00 | 2 | |
AMPK activation can influence lipid metabolism, potentially affecting ceramide levels and thereby iGb3 synthesis. | ||||||
Pioglitazone | 111025-46-8 | sc-202289 sc-202289A | 1 mg 5 mg | $55.00 $125.00 | 13 | |
PPAR agonists modulate lipid metabolism, which could indirectly influence ceramide levels and iGb3 synthesis. | ||||||
Rapamycin | 53123-88-9 | sc-3504 sc-3504A sc-3504B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg | $63.00 $158.00 $326.00 | 233 | |
Inhibition of mTOR can affect autophagy and lipid metabolism, potentially impacting ceramide levels and iGb3 synthesis. | ||||||
SKI II | 312636-16-1 | sc-204286 sc-204286A | 10 mg 50 mg | $96.00 $400.00 | 3 | |
By inhibiting sphingosine kinase, these inhibitors can alter the sphingolipid rheostat, potentially enhancing ceramide levels for iGb3 synthesis. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
By disrupting calcium homeostasis, SERCA inhibitors can influence ceramide metabolism and iGb3 synthesis. | ||||||