Date published: 2025-11-22

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FIH-1 Inhibitors

Factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH-1) is an asparaginyl hydroxylase that plays a crucial role in the cellular response to hypoxia, a condition characterized by low oxygen levels. FIH-1 functions by hydroxylating an asparagine residue in the C-terminal transactivation domain of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), thereby inhibiting its interaction with coactivators such as p300/CBP. This hydroxylation acts as a regulatory mechanism, controlling the stability and activity of HIF-1α, which is a transcription factor that mediates the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, metabolism, and survival under hypoxic conditions. By modulating the activity of HIF-1α, FIH-1 directly influences cellular adaptation to low oxygen levels, affecting processes such as erythropoiesis, glucose metabolism, and cell proliferation. The precise control of HIF-1α activity by FIH-1 underscores the importance of this enzyme in maintaining cellular oxygen homeostasis and in the physiological response to hypoxia.The inhibition of FIH-1 involves various mechanisms that interfere with its enzymatic activity, thereby affecting the cellular response to hypoxia. One primary mode of inhibition is through the competitive binding of molecules to the active site of FIH-1, which disrupts the enzyme from interacting with its substrate, HIF-1α. This can lead to an increased activity of HIF-1α due to reduced hydroxylation, enhancing the transcription of hypoxia-responsive genes. Additionally, changes in cellular oxygen levels can modulate FIH-1 activity; under normoxic conditions, FIH-1 is active, while hypoxic conditions can reduce its activity, allowing HIF-1α to accumulate and activate gene expression. Furthermore, post-translational modifications of FIH-1, such as phosphorylation, can alter its activity or stability, indirectly influencing HIF-1α regulation. These mechanisms of FIH-1 inhibition highlight the complex regulation of the hypoxic response, where FIH-1 serves as a key modulator of HIF-1α activity and, consequently, of the cellular adaptation to varying oxygen levels.
Product NameCAS #Catalog #QUANTITYPriceCitationsRATING

Dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG)

89464-63-1sc-200755
sc-200755A
sc-200755B
sc-200755C
10 mg
50 mg
100 mg
500 mg
$82.00
$295.00
$367.00
$764.00
25
(2)

Dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG) acts as a potent inhibitor of factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (FIH-1), influencing the stability of HIF-1α. Its unique molecular structure allows for specific binding interactions with the FIH-1 active site, effectively disrupting hydroxylation processes. DMOG's ability to mimic the effects of hypoxia leads to altered cellular responses, enhancing the transcriptional activity of HIF-1. This compound's kinetic properties enable it to modulate pathways involved in oxygen sensing and metabolic adaptation.

Deferoxamine

70-51-9sc-507390
5 mg
$250.00
(0)

Deferoxamine is an iron chelator that reduces the availability of iron, which is required for FIH-1's enzymatic activity. By limiting iron availability, it indirectly inhibits FIH-1, promoting HIF-1α stabilization and increased transcriptional activity.

L-Mimosine

500-44-7sc-201536A
sc-201536B
sc-201536
sc-201536C
25 mg
100 mg
500 mg
1 g
$35.00
$86.00
$216.00
$427.00
8
(2)

L-Mimosine inhibits FIH-1 activity by competing with HIF-1α for hydroxylation, preventing its degradation under normoxic conditions. This leads to the indirect stabilization of HIF-1α and enhanced transcriptional activity.

Cobalt(II) chloride

7646-79-9sc-252623
sc-252623A
5 g
100 g
$63.00
$173.00
7
(1)

Cobalt chloride can mimic hypoxic conditions by displacing iron from FIH-1's active site, inhibiting FIH-1's hydroxylation of HIF-1α, and indirectly activating HIF-1α by preventing its degradation under normoxic conditions.

L-Ascorbic acid, free acid

50-81-7sc-202686
100 g
$45.00
5
(1)

L-Ascorbic acid enhances HIF-1α hydroxylation by providing the necessary cofactor for FIH-1. Increased ascorbate levels can indirectly inhibit HIF-1α by supporting FIH-1 function and promoting its degradation under normoxic conditions.

α-Ketoglutaric Acid

328-50-7sc-208504
sc-208504A
sc-208504B
sc-208504C
sc-208504D
sc-208504E
sc-208504F
25 g
100 g
250 g
500 g
1 kg
5 kg
16 kg
$32.00
$42.00
$62.00
$108.00
$184.00
$724.00
$2050.00
2
(1)

α-KG is a cofactor required for FIH-1 activity. Elevated levels of α-KG can support FIH-1 function, indirectly contributing to HIF-1α inhibition by promoting its hydroxylation and degradation under normoxic conditions.

Geldanamycin

30562-34-6sc-200617B
sc-200617C
sc-200617
sc-200617A
100 µg
500 µg
1 mg
5 mg
$38.00
$58.00
$102.00
$202.00
8
(1)

Geldanamycin is an HSP90 inhibitor that indirectly affects FIH-1 stability. By inhibiting HSP90, geldanamycin promotes FIH-1 degradation, reducing its activity, and indirectly stabilizing HIF-1α under normoxic conditions.

Ruxolitinib

941678-49-5sc-364729
sc-364729A
sc-364729A-CW
5 mg
25 mg
25 mg
$246.00
$490.00
$536.00
16
(1)

JAK/STAT inhibitors like ruxolitinib disrupt the JAK/STAT pathway, which can activate HIF-1α expression. By inhibiting this pathway, ruxolitinib can indirectly downregulate HIF-1α expression and activity.

Rapamycin

53123-88-9sc-3504
sc-3504A
sc-3504B
1 mg
5 mg
25 mg
$62.00
$155.00
$320.00
233
(4)

Rapamycin is an mTOR inhibitor that indirectly affects HIF-1α translation. By inhibiting mTOR, rapamycin can indirectly inhibit HIF-1α expression by suppressing its translation under normoxic conditions.