CINC-1 Activators
CINC-1 Activators encompass a diverse array of chemical compounds that engage with and intensify the functional activity of CINC-1 through targeted biochemical pathways. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, by activating PKC, propels the expression and secretion of inflammatory chemokines, including CINC-1. The bacterial component lipopolysaccharide operates through TLR4, igniting a signaling cascade that culminates in the NF-κB-mediated upregulation of various cytokines and chemokines, CINC-1 included. Anakinra, by obstructing IL-1 signaling, may provoke a compensatory surge in CINC-1 as the immune system seeks to maintain inflammatory readiness. IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ each play a pivotal role in the immune response, with their ability to stimulate the production of CINC-1 through activation of JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways, respectively. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3, via the VDR, and Resveratrol, with its influence on the NF-κB pathway, also have the potential to escalate the expression of CINC-1 in inflammatory contexts.
Further contributing to the activation of CINC-1 are compounds like N-Formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, which mimics bacterially derived chemotactic factors, and Thapsigargin, which disrupts calcium homeostasis, each leading to the stimulation of signaling pathways that can augment the release of CINC-1. Forskolin elevates cAMP levels, setting off a cascade via PKA that can lead to the phosphorylation of transcription factors involved in CINC-1 expression. Sphingosine-1-phosphate, through its interaction with specific receptors, can influence immune cell dynamics and promote the secretion of chemokines such as CINC-1. Collectively, these activators work through distinct yet interconnected signaling mechanisms, converging on the enhancement of CINC-1's role in the immune response and inflammatory signaling, highlighting the multifaceted regulation of this chemokine.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a diester of phorbol and is known to be a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), a family of enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins. Activation of PKC is known to lead to the expression and release of various cytokines and chemokines, including CINC-1, as part of the inflammatory response. | ||||||
Lipopolysaccharide, E. coli O55:B5 | 93572-42-0 | sc-221855 sc-221855A sc-221855B sc-221855C | 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg | $98.00 $171.00 $425.00 $1560.00 | 12 | |
LPS is a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and is recognized by the immune system as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP). Interaction with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on immune cells triggers a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of NF-κB, a transcription factor that upregulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including CINC-1. | ||||||
Anakinra | 143090-92-0 | sc-507486 | 10 mg | $811.00 | ||
Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist that blocks the biological activity of interleukin-1 (IL-1), including IL-1β, by competitively inhibiting IL-1 binding to the interleukin-1 type I receptor (IL-1RI). Blocking IL-1 can trigger a compensatory increase in the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, potentially including CINC-1, as part of the body's effort to maintain its capacity for an inflammatory response. | ||||||
Cholecalciferol | 67-97-0 | sc-205630 sc-205630A sc-205630B | 1 g 5 g 10 g | $71.00 $163.00 $296.00 | 2 | |
This active form of vitamin D can modulate the immune system, including the expression of cytokines and chemokines. It acts through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which when activated, can lead to the expression of CINC-1 in certain contexts, such as in the presence of an inflammatory stimulus. | ||||||
Resveratrol | 501-36-0 | sc-200808 sc-200808A sc-200808B | 100 mg 500 mg 5 g | $80.00 $220.00 $460.00 | 64 | |
Resveratrol is a stilbenoid, a type of natural phenol, and a phytoalexin produced by several plants in response to injury or when the plant is under attack by pathogens such as bacteriaor fungi. It has been shown to modulate multiple cellular pathways involved in inflammation, including NF-κB signaling. By modulating this pathway, resveratrol can potentially enhance the expression of inflammatory chemokines such as CINC-1. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin is a sesquiterpene lactone that inhibits the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), leading to an increase in cytosolic calcium levels. Elevated intracellular calcium can activate various signaling pathways, including those that lead to the production of CINC-1, as part of the cellular stress response. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin is a labdane diterpene produced by the Indian Coleus plant. It activates adenylyl cyclase and increases intracellular levels of cAMP, which can lead to the activation of the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. PKA can then phosphorylate transcription factors that enhance the expression of cytokines and chemokines, including CINC-1, as part of the immune response. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $165.00 $322.00 $570.00 $907.00 $1727.00 | 7 | |
S1P is a signaling sphingolipid that acts as a ligand for a group of G-protein coupled receptors. It is involved in immune cell trafficking and can promote the release of cytokines and chemokines, including CINC-1, via activation of the S1P receptor signaling pathways. | ||||||